SCI和EI收录∣中国化工学会会刊

›› 2016, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (8): 1087-1096.DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2016.01.007

• Energy, Resources and Environmental Technology • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Synthesis and characterization of poppy seed oil methyl esters

Umer Rashid1,2, Muhammad Ibrahim3, Imededdine Arbi Nehdi2, Saud Ibrahim Al-Resayes2, Sammi Ullah4, Muhammad Aamer Mehmood5, Saira Shahzadi6   

  1. 1 Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;
    2 Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 1145, Saudi Arabia;
    3 Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
    4 Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
    5 Department of Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
    6 Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
  • Received:2015-08-03 Revised:2015-11-30 Online:2016-09-21 Published:2016-08-28

Synthesis and characterization of poppy seed oil methyl esters

Umer Rashid1,2, Muhammad Ibrahim3, Imededdine Arbi Nehdi2, Saud Ibrahim Al-Resayes2, Sammi Ullah4, Muhammad Aamer Mehmood5, Saira Shahzadi6   

  1. 1 Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;
    2 Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 1145, Saudi Arabia;
    3 Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
    4 Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
    5 Department of Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
    6 Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
  • 通讯作者: Umer Rashid

Abstract: Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to determine the optimum conditions of the methanolysis of crude poppy seed oil using NaOCH3 as catalyst. The experiments were run according to five levels, four variable central composite rotatable design (CCRD) using RSM. The reaction variables, i.e., molar ratio of methanol/oil (3:1-9:1), catalyst concentration (0.5 wt%-1.25 wt% NaOCH3), reaction temperature (25-65℃), and reaction time (20-90 min) were studied. We demonstrated that the molar ratio of methanol/oil, catalyst concentration, and reaction temperature were the significant parameters affecting the yield of poppy seed oil methyl esters (PSOMEs). The optimum transesterification reaction conditions, established using the RSM, which offered a 89.35% PSOME yield, were found to be 7.5:1 molar ratio of methanol/oil, 0.75% catalyst concentration, 45℃ reaction temperature, and 90 min reaction time. The proposed process provided an average biodiesel yield of more than 85%. A linear correlation was constructed between the observed and predicted values of the yield. The gas chromatography (GC) analyses have shown that PSOMEs contain linoleic-, oleic-, palmitic-, and stearic-acids as main fatty acids. The FTIR spectrum of the PSOMEs was also analyzed to confirm the completion of the transesterification reaction. The fuel properties of the PSOMEs were discussed in light of biodiesel standards (ASTM D 6751 and EN 14214).

Key words: Poppy oil, Optimization, Gas chromatography, FTIR, Fuel properties

摘要: Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to determine the optimum conditions of the methanolysis of crude poppy seed oil using NaOCH3 as catalyst. The experiments were run according to five levels, four variable central composite rotatable design (CCRD) using RSM. The reaction variables, i.e., molar ratio of methanol/oil (3:1-9:1), catalyst concentration (0.5 wt%-1.25 wt% NaOCH3), reaction temperature (25-65℃), and reaction time (20-90 min) were studied. We demonstrated that the molar ratio of methanol/oil, catalyst concentration, and reaction temperature were the significant parameters affecting the yield of poppy seed oil methyl esters (PSOMEs). The optimum transesterification reaction conditions, established using the RSM, which offered a 89.35% PSOME yield, were found to be 7.5:1 molar ratio of methanol/oil, 0.75% catalyst concentration, 45℃ reaction temperature, and 90 min reaction time. The proposed process provided an average biodiesel yield of more than 85%. A linear correlation was constructed between the observed and predicted values of the yield. The gas chromatography (GC) analyses have shown that PSOMEs contain linoleic-, oleic-, palmitic-, and stearic-acids as main fatty acids. The FTIR spectrum of the PSOMEs was also analyzed to confirm the completion of the transesterification reaction. The fuel properties of the PSOMEs were discussed in light of biodiesel standards (ASTM D 6751 and EN 14214).

关键词: Poppy oil, Optimization, Gas chromatography, FTIR, Fuel properties