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SCI和EI收录∣中国化工学会会刊
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Table of Content
28 April 2003, Volume 11 Issue 2
    RESEARCH PAPERS
    Isolation and Preparative Purification for Ginkgolides A and B
    HAN Jinyu, WANG Hua, CHANG Heying, CHU Qiaowei
    2003, 11(2):  125-129.  doi:
    Abstract ( )   PDF (1662KB) ( )  
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    In this paper, a simple preparative method for isolation and purification of ginkgolides A
    and B was developed. As starting material, a commercially available standardized ginkgo
    extract (EGb761, containing 24% flavonoid and 6% terpene trilactones) was used. After a
    pretreatment step, optimized by the uniform design method, the concentrated intermediate
    extract with high content of GA and GB (+90%) was separated into the individual terpenes by
    preparative liquid chromatography eluted with petroleum ether-ethylacetate. Analysis of
    products was carried out by means of HPLC-ELSD (evaporative light-scattering detector). The
    results show that ginkgolides A and B are obtained in higher yield and better purity.
    Preparation of Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Identification of Its Isomers
    GUO Zheng, ZHANG Genwang, SUN Yan
    2003, 11(2):  130-135.  doi:
    Abstract ( )   PDF (2150KB) ( )  
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    Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a kind of fatty acid with physiological activities and
    potential application prospect. A synthesis method of conjugated linoleic acid and a
    purification technology were studied. CLA was prepared and purified by urea-complexation
    and conjugation using safflower oil as raw material. The purity of CLA and total recovery
    of the product was more than 95% and 48%, respectively. The main isomers produced in
    alkali-catalyzed conjugation were identified by gas chromatography (GC) linked to mass
    spectrometry (MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The total amount of
    the two main isomers (9cis, 11trans-and 10trans, 12cis-CLA) determined by GC was more than
    90% of the product.
    Asymmetric Synthesis of (-)-1-Trimethylsilyl-ethanol with Immobilized Saccharomyces
    Cerevisiae Cells in Water/Organic Solvent Biphasic System
    LOU Wenyong, ZONG Minhua, FAN Xiaodan
    2003, 11(2):  136-140.  doi:
    Abstract ( )   PDF (1713KB) ( )  
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    Asymmetric synthesis of (-)-1-trimethylsilyl-ethanol with immobilized Saccharomyces
    cerevisiae cells in water/organic solvent biphasic system was studied. The effects of shake
    speed, hydrophobicity of organic solvent,volume ratio of water phase to organic phase, pH
    value of aqueous phase and reaction temperature on the initial reaction rate, maximum yield
    and enantiomeric excess (ee) of the product were systematically explored. All the above-
    mentioned factors had significant influence on the reaction. n-Hexane was found to be the
    best organic solvent for the reaction. The optimum shake speed, volume ratio of water phase
    to organic phase, pH value and reaction temperature were 150 r.min- 1, 1/2, 8 and 30℃
    respectively, under which the maximum yield and enantiomeric excess of the product were as
    high as 96.8% and 95.7%, which are 15% and 16% higher than those of the corresponding
    reaction performed in aqueous phase. To our best knowledge, this is the most satisfactory
    result obtained.
    Physical and Hydrodynamic Properties of Spherical Cellulose-Titanium Dioxide Composite
    Matrix for Expanded Bed Adsorption
    LEI Yinlin, LIN Dongqiang, YAO shanjing, LIU Zuozhen, ZHU Ziqiang
    2003, 11(2):  141-145.  doi:
    Abstract ( )   PDF (1810KB) ( )  
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    Expanded bed adsorption (EBA) has been widely used in industrial downstream bioprocessing.
    Solid matrix is the principal pillar supporting the successful application of EBA. A novel
    spherical cellulose-titanium dioxide composite matrix was prepared through the method of
    water-in-oil suspension thermal regeneration. Its typical physical properties were wet
    density 1.18g.cm-3, diameters in the range of 100-300μm, porosity 85.5%,and water content
    72.3%. Expansion characteristics and liquid mixing performance of the matrix in expanded
    bed were investigated using water and 10% (by mass) glycerol solution as mobile phases. The
    results indicate that the custom-assembled matrix has a stable flow hydrodynamics and
    exhibits the same degree of liquid-phase mixing or column efficiency as the commercially
    available Streamline adsorbent.
    Purification of Organic Wastewater Containing Cu2+ and Cr3+ by a Combined Process of Micro
    Electrolysis and Biofilm
    LI Tiancheng, JIANG Bin, FENG Xia, WANG Dawei, YUAN shaojun, LI Xingang
    2003, 11(2):  146-150.  doi:
    Abstract ( )   PDF (1519KB) ( )  
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    A complex process of micro electrolysis and biofilm was developed to continuously treat
    organic wastewaters containing heavy metal ions such as Cu2+ and Cr3+, and the relevant
    purifying mechanism was also addressed. In detail, organic materials in wastewater could be
    consumed as nutritious source by biofilm composed of aerobes and anaerobes. However, for
    heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Cr3+), part was removed by electrodeposition, and some was adsorbed
    on biofilm. In order to compare with the combined process of micro electrolysis and
    biofilm, the experimental data of micro electrolysis process (intermittent) or biofilm
    process (continuous) were provided, and the kinetic data of C6H12O6 (glucose)
    biodegradation by cultured microbes or acclimated microbes were also obtained. These
    experimental results indicated that for wastewater initially consisted of C6H12O6 (500mg.
    L-1), Cu2+ and Cr3+ (10mg. L-1), after treatment, its concentrations of C6H12O6, Cu2+ and
    Cr3+ were lowered to the level of 55-65 mg.L-1, and less than 1 mg.L-1, respectively. And
    the industrial reused water standards could be met by treated wastewater.
    Effects of Substrate Permeation on Kinetics of Phenol Biodegradation
    JI Xiuling, ZHANG Jinli, LI Wei, HAN Zhenting, WANG Yiping
    2003, 11(2):  151-155.  doi:
    Abstract ( )   PDF (1578KB) ( )  
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    Based on the theory of substrate permeation through the cytoplasmic membrane, and
    considering the effect of initial concentration of substrate, a new kinetic model of phenol
    degradation process was proposed. Comparing with the widely used Haldane model, which is
    greatly dependent on the initial phenol concentration, our model can be used to simulate
    the phenol degradation process in a wide range of initial phenol concentration by using
    only one set of model parameters. Therefore, this new kinetic model has much more potential
    applications to industrial design and operation.
    Study on Pervaporation Membranes for Removing Methanol from C5 or Methyl Tert-butyl Ether
    Mixtures
    ZHANG Lin, CHEN Huanlin, ZHOU Zhijun, QIAN Jinwen, GAO Congjie, PAN Zuren
    2003, 11(2):  156-161.  doi:
    Abstract ( )   PDF (2038KB) ( )  
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    Several pervaporation membranes, cellulose acetate (CA), polyvinylbutyral (PVB), poly(MMA-
    co-AA),MMA-AA-BA, CA/PVB blend and CA/poly(MMA-co-AA) blend, were prepared, and their
    pervaporation properties were evaluated by separation of methanol/C5 or methanol/MTBE
    (methyl tert-butyl ether). The results shows that the CA composite membrane has a high
    separation performance (flux Jmethanol = 350 g.m-2.h-1 and separation factor α>400) for
    methanol/C5 mixtures, and the pervaporation characteristics of MMA-AA-BA copolymer
    membranes changes with the ratio of copolymer. For CA/poly(MMA-co-AA) blend membrane, the
    pervaporation performance is improved in comparison with CA or poly(MMA-co-AA) membrane.
    From the experiment of CA/PVB blend membranes for methanol/MTBE mixture, it is found that
    the compatibility of blends may affect the separation features of blend membrane.
    Prediction of Gas Holdup in Bubble Columns Using Artificial Neural Network
    Wu Yuanxin, Luo Xianghua, Chen Qiming, Li Dinghuo, Li Shirong, M.H. Al-Dahhan, M.P. Dudukovic
    2003, 11(2):  162-165.  doi:
    Abstract ( )   PDF (1259KB) ( )  
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    A new correlation for the prediction of gas hold up in bubble columns was proposed based on
    an extensive experimental database set up from the literature published over last 30 years.
    The updated estimation method relying on artificial neural network, dimensional analysis
    and phenomenological approaches was used and the model prediction agreed with the
    experimental data with average relative error less than 10%.
    Kinetics of Copolymerization of Acrylonitrile with N-Vinylpyrrolidone in H2O/Dimethyl
    Sulphoxide Mixture
    CHEN Hou, WANG Chengguo, LIANG Ying, CAI Huasu
    2003, 11(2):  166-169.  doi:
    Abstract ( )   PDF (1179KB) ( )  
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    Kinetics of copolymerization of acrylonitrile(AN) with N-vinylpyrrolidone(NVP) initiated by
    azodiisobutyronitrile(AIBN) was investigated in H2O/dimethyl sulphoxide(DMSO) mixture
    between 50℃ and 70℃ under N2 atmosphere. The rate of copolymerization and particle size
    were measured respectively. The kinetic equation 0.651±0.123 1.59±0.35 1.17±0.14of
    copolymerization system is obtained as Rp ∝ cAIBN cAN cNVP at 60℃. The overall activation
    energy for copolymerization system was computed as 87.3 kJ.mol-1. Effect of additives of
    hydroquinone and dioxane on copolymerization was discussed. The polymerization is retarded
    by hydroquinone and accelerated by dioxane, which confirms the free radical
    copolymerization of AN with NVP.
    Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Rutile TiO2 and Potassium Hexatitanate (K2Ti6O13) Crystal
    ZHU Yu, WANG Jun, LU Xiaohua, WANG Yanru, SHI Jun
    2003, 11(2):  170-174.  doi:
    Abstract ( )   PDF (1637KB) ( )  
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    This paper presents the results of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation on the rutile
    titanium dioxide and potassium hexatitanate (K2O.6TiO2 or K2Ti6O13) crystal. The
    interaction of atoms is described by two-body central force interatomic potential, which
    includes Coulombic term, Gilbert-type repulsion term, van der Waals term and Morse-type
    potential. The optimized crystal structure of rutile TiO2 is in very good agreement with
    the experimental data in the literature. The present MD simulation also gives several
    physical properties, including volume thermal expansivity and elastic bulk modulus.
    Excess Molar Volume, Viscosity and Heat Capacity for the Mixture of 1,2-Propanediol-Water
    at Different Temperatures
    YANG Changsheng, MA Peisheng, TANG Duoqiang, JIN Fengmin
    2003, 11(2):  175-180.  doi:
    Abstract ( )   PDF (2077KB) ( )  
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    Experimental densities, viscosities and heat capacities at different temperatures were
    presented over the entire mole fraction range for the binary mixture of 1,2-propanediol and
    water. Density values were used in the determination of excess molar volumes, VE. At the
    same time, the excess viscosity was investigated. The values of VE and ηE were fitted to
    the Redlich-Kister equation. Good agreement was observed. The excess volumes are negative
    over the entire range of composition. They show an U-shaped-concentration dependence and
    decrease in absolute values with increase of temperature. Values of ηE are negative over
    the entire range of the composition, and has a trend very similar to that of VE . The
    analysis shows that at any temperature the specific heat of mixture is a linear function of
    the composition as x1>20%. All the extended lines intersect at one point. An empirical
    equation is obtained to calculate the specific heat to mixture at any composition and
    temperature in the experimental range.
    Study on the Phase Behavior of Coating Matrix in Supercritical or Sub-critical Carbon
    Dioxide
    CAO Weiliang, XU Jinlong, ZHANG Jingchang
    2003, 11(2):  181-184.  doi:
    Abstract ( )   PDF (1398KB) ( )  
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    The high-pressure phase behavior of coating-solvent-supercritical or sub-critical carbon
    dioxide system was investigated experimentally. The coating matrix used was 108-acrylic
    resin at concentration ranging from 10% to 50% (by mass) in mixtures with n-butyl acetate.
    The experiments were conducted in a high-pressure view cell for temperatures from 35℃ to
    65℃ and for pressures from 3.0 MPa to 8.0 MPa. The effect of temperature, pressure and
    content of every component on the phase behavior of the systems was observed. Finally, the
    ternary phase diagram for resin-solvent-CO2 was plotted.
    Measurement and Correlation on Viscosity and Apparent Molar Volume of Ternary System for L
    -ascorbic Acid in Aqueous D-Glucose and Sucrose Solutions
    ZHAO Changwei, MA Peisheng
    2003, 11(2):  185-190.  doi:
    Abstract ( )   PDF (1648KB) ( )  
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    Viscosities and densities at several temperatures from 293.15 K to 313.15 K are reported
    for L-ascorbic acid in aqueous glucose and sucrose solutions at different concentrations.
    The parameters of density, viscosity coefficient B and partial molar volume are calculated
    by regression. The experimental results show that densities and viscosities decrease as
    temperature increases at the same solute and solvent (glucose and sucrose aqueous solution)
    concentrations, and increase with concentration of glucose and sucrose at the same solute
    concentration and temperature. B increases with concentration of glucose and sucrose and
    temperature. L-ascorbic acid is structure-breaker or structure-making for the glucose and
    sucrose aqueous solutions. Furthermore, the solute-solvent interactions in ternary systems
    of water-glucose-electrolyte and water-sucrose-electrolyte are discussed.
    REVIEWS
    Multivariate Statistical Process Monitoring and Control: Recent Developments and
    Applications to Chemical Industry
    LIANG Jun, QIAN Jixin
    2003, 11(2):  191-203.  doi:
    Abstract ( )   PDF (5633KB) ( )  
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    Multivariate statistical process monitoring and control (MSPM&C) methods for chemical
    process monitoring with statistical projection techniques such as principal component
    analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) are surveyed in this paper. The four-step
    procedure of performing MSPM&C for chemical process, modeling of processes, detecting
    abnormal events or faults, identifying the variable(s) responsible for the faults and
    diagnosing the source cause for the abnormal behavior, is analyzed. Several main research
    directions of MSPM&C reported in the literature are discussed, such as multi-way principal
    component analysis (MPCA) for batch process, statistical monitoring and control for
    nonlinear process, dynamic PCA and dynamic PLS, and on-line quality control by inferential
    models. Industrial applications of MSPM&C to several typical chemical processes, such as
    chemical reactor, distillation column, polymerization process, petroleum refinery units,
    are summarized. Finally, some concluding remarks and future considerations are made.
    RESEARCH NOTES
    Effect of Temperature on Gas Hold-up in Aerated Stirred Tanks
    GAO Zhengming, SHI Litian
    2003, 11(2):  204-207.  doi:
    Abstract ( )   PDF (1112KB) ( )  
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    Gas holdups in ambient gassed and hot sparged systems with multiple modern impellers and
    the effect of temperature on gas holdup are reported. The operating temperature has a great
    impact on gas holdup though the gas dispersion regime in the hot sparged system is similar
    to the ambient gassed condition. The gas holdup under the elevated temperature and the
    ambient gassed operation is successfully correlated. With the same total gas flow rate and
    power input, the gas holdup in the hot sparged system (say near the boiling point) is only
    about half of that in the ambient system. The results imply that almost all existing hot
    sparged reactors have been designed on the basis of incorrect estimates of the gas holdup
    during operation.
    Study on the Diffusion Coefficient of Sodium Chloride at Infinite Dilution in Supercritical
    Water
    XIAO Ji, LU Jiufeng, CHEN Jian, LI Yigui
    2003, 11(2):  208-212.  doi:
    Abstract ( )   PDF (1370KB) ( )  
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    The molecular dynamics (MD) was employed to simulate the diffusion coefficient of sodium
    chloride at infinite dilution in supercritical water from 703.2 K to 763.2 K and from 30
    MPa to 45 MPa. Based on the simulated data and the Patel-Teja(PT) equation of state and the
    Liu-Ruckenstein equation, an equation for calculating the diffusion coefficient of NaCl at
    infinite dilution in supercritical water is proposed. Both the agreement between the
    simulated and correlated data, and that between the simulated and predicted data of
    diffusion coefficients for NaCl in supercritical water ranging from 703.2 K to 803.2 K and
    from 25 MPa to 50 MPa show that this equation is applicable for the calculation of
    diffusion coefficients.
    Isobaric Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium for Methyldichlorosi
    lane+Methylvinyldichlorosilane+Toluene and Constituent Binary Systems
    YU shuxian, YU Zubing, QIU Zumin, SUN Wei
    2003, 11(2):  213-216.  doi:
    Abstract ( )   PDF (1212KB) ( )  
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    Vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) for a ternary system of methyldichlorosilane +
    methylvinyldichlorosi-lane + toluene and constituent binary systems were measured at
    101.3kPa using a new type of magnetical pump-ebulliometer. The equilibrium compositions of
    the vapor phase of binary systems were calculated indirectly fromthe total pressure-
    temperature-liquid composition (pTx). The experimental data were correlated with the
    Wilsonand NRTL(non-random two liquid) equations. The parameters of the Wilson model were
    employed to predict theternary VLE data. The calculated boiling points were in good
    agreement with the experimental ones.
    Stability of Surfactant-coated Candida Rugosa Lipase in Isooctane
    SONG Baodong, XING Aihua, WU Jinchuan, WANG Shichang
    2003, 11(2):  217-219.  doi:
    Abstract ( )   PDF (889KB) ( )  
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    The stability of Candida rugosa lipase coated with glutamic acid didodecyl ester ribitol
    amide was investigated taking esterification of lauryl alcohol and lauric acid in isooctane
    as a model reaction. At 30℃, the half-life of the activity of the coated lipase was ca 10
    h, the enzyme activity became less changed after 12 h and the residual activity was 39% of
    the initial value. The coated lipase obeyed a first-order deactivation model with a
    deactivation energy of 29.9 J.mol-1.
    ptimization of Propionic Acid Feeding for Production of Poly (3- hydroxybutyrat e- co- 3-
    hydroxyvalerat e) in Fed-Batch Culture of Ralstonia eutropha
    Longan SHANG, Jin Hwan DO, FAN Daidi, JIANG Min, Ho Nam CHANG
    2003, 11(2):  220-223.  doi:
    Abstract ( )   PDF (1503KB) ( )  
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    The feeding method of propionic acid for production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydro
    xyvalerate) [P(3HB-co-3HV)] by fed-batch culture of Ralstonia eutropha was optimized to
    achieve high cell density and high 3HV yield. Effects of different feeding strategies of
    propionic acid on the production of P(3HB-co-3HV) were investigated. A decline of specific
    synthesis rate of copolymer and the yield of 3HV unit from propionic acid were observed due
    to the propionic acid accumulation in culture broth when the feeding solution with high
    P/G(propionic acid to glucose) ratio was employed. It was further confirmed by controlling
    propionic acid concentration at a low level in the separate feeding of propionic acid. An
    optimal feeding strategy was demonstrated to reduce the propionic acid accumulation. The
    cell concentration, P(3HB-co-3HV) productivity and 3HV unit fraction reached to 163.9 kg.m
    -3,1.8 kg.m-3.h-1, and 10.6%(by mass), respectively, resulting in a yield of 0.33 g HV per
    g propionic acid.
    Improved Production of Paclitaxel from Suspension Culture of Taxus chinensis var. mairei by
    in situ Extraction with Organic Solvents
    WEI Zuojun, YUAN Yingjin, WU Zhaoliang, WU Jinchuan
    2003, 11(2):  224-226.  doi:
    Abstract ( )   PDF (1005KB) ( )  
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    The production of paclitaxel from suspension culture of Taxus chinensis var. maireiwas
    improved by in situ extraction with organic solvents to avoid feedback repression and
    product degradation. Oleic acid and dibutyl phthalate were proved to be suitable solvents.
    The optimal volumetric percentage of organic solvents in the culture medium was found to be
    around 8%, and the favorable time for their introduction was at the exponential phase of
    cell growth. Paclitaxel production with the in situ extraction was ca 3-fold of that
    without extraction.
    The Mechanism of Interfacial Mass Transfer in Gas Absorption Process
    MA Ybuguang, FENG Huisheng, XU Shichang, YU Guocong
    2003, 11(2):  227-230.  doi:
    Abstract ( )   PDF (1157KB) ( )  
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    Based on the method of molecular thermodynamics, the mass transfer mechanism at gas-liquid
    interface is studied theoretically, and a new mathematical model is proposed. Using laser
    holographic interference technique, the hydrodynamics and mass transfer characteristics of
    CO2 absorption are measured. It is shown that the calculated results are in good agreement
    with the experimental data.
    Microwave-assisted Extraction of Effective Compounds from Traditional Chinese Herbal
    Medicine Ciwujia
    WANG Juan, SHEN Pingniang, SHEN Yongjia
    2003, 11(2):  231-233.  doi:
    Abstract ( )   PDF (908KB) ( )  
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    Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) for active ingredients in Ciwujia was studied by using
    ethanol as the extractant. Comparing MAE with conventional methods, the former can save the
    extracting time and increase the content of the active ingredients in product. As to the
    operation in MAE, the continuous radiation process is more convenient for the extraction
    for traditional Chinese medicine than the intermittent radiation process. Optimized by
    uniform design, MAE was proved to be an effective and novel process for extracting active
    ingredients in Ciwujia. The optimized MAE conditions are as follows: the microwave power is
    510 W, the radiation time 30 min, the alcohol concentration at 80%, the ratio of solvent to
    solid material being 5:1, the soaking time 0.5h, and the herbal particle size is (520 ±
    19)μm.
    A Non-linear Non-ideal Model of Simulated Moving Bed Chromatography for Chiral Separations
    LU Jiangang
    2003, 11(2):  234-239.  doi:
    Abstract ( )   PDF (1808KB) ( )  
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    A non-linear non-ideal model, taking into account non-linear competitive isotherms, axial
    dispersion, film mass transfer, intraparticle diffusion, and port periodic switching, was
    developed to simulate the dynamics of simulated moving bed chromatography (SMBC). The model
    equations were solved by a new efficient numerical technique of orthogonal collocation on
    finite elements with periodical movement of concentration vector. The simulated SMBC
    performance is in accordance with the experimental results reported in the literature for
    separation of 1,1’-bi-2-naphthol enantiomers using SMBC. This model is useful for design,
    operation, optimization and scale-up of non-linear SMBC for chiral separations with
    significant non-ideal effects, especially for high solute concentration and small
    intraparticle diffusion coefficient or large chiral stationary phase particle.
    An Experimental Study on Thermal Characteristics of Lauric Acid as a Latent Heat Storage
    Material during Melting Process
    Ahmet SARI
    2003, 11(2):  240-243.  doi:
    Abstract ( )   PDF (1184KB) ( )  
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    The objective of this study was to establish the thermal characteristics of the lauric acid
    (95% purity) as a latent heat storage material filled in the annulus of vertical concentric
    double pipe during its melting process. The temperature data were used to determine the
    thermal characteristics, including the temporal temperature variations and the effects of
    the mass flow rate and the inlet temperature of the heat transfer fluid on the heat
    transfer coefficient and the heat charging fraction during the melting process. The results
    indicated that the time to reach to heat charging fraction of 1.0 could be altered by
    changing the mass flow rate and the inlet temperature of the heat transfer fluid.