Dissolution-regrowth synthesis of SiO2 nanoplates and embedment into two carbon shells for enhanced lithium-ion storage

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2018.01.016

Chin.J.Chem.Eng. ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (7): 1522-1527.DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2018.01.016

• Energy, Resources and Environmental Technology • Previous Articles Next Articles

Dissolution-regrowth synthesis of SiO₂ nanoplates and embedment into two carbon shells for enhanced lithium-ion storage

Zhijun Yan, Xiangcun Li, Xiaobin Jiang, Le Zhang, Yan Dai, Gaohong He

State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Chemical Engineering Department, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China

Received:2017-10-26 Revised:2017-12-04 Online:2018-08-16 Published:2018-07-28
Contact: Yan Dai,E-mail addresses:daiyan@dlut.edu.cn;Gaohong He,E-mail addresses:hgaohong@dlut.edu.cn
Supported by:
Supported by the National Science Funding for Distinguished Young Scholars of China (21125628), National Natural Science Foundation of China (21476044) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (DUT15QY08).

Dissolution-regrowth synthesis of SiO₂ nanoplates and embedment into two carbon shells for enhanced lithium-ion storage

Zhijun Yan, Xiangcun Li, Xiaobin Jiang, Le Zhang, Yan Dai, Gaohong He

State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Chemical Engineering Department, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China

通讯作者: Yan Dai,E-mail addresses:daiyan@dlut.edu.cn;Gaohong He,E-mail addresses:hgaohong@dlut.edu.cn
基金资助:
Supported by the National Science Funding for Distinguished Young Scholars of China (21125628), National Natural Science Foundation of China (21476044) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (DUT15QY08).

Abstract

Abstract: In this work, SiO₂ nanoplates with opened macroporous structure on carbon layer (C-mSiO₂) have been obtained by dissolving and subsequent regrowing the outer solid SiO₂ layer of the aerosol-based C-SiO₂ double-shell hollow spheres. Subsequently, triple-shell C-mSiO₂-C hollow spheres were successfully prepared after coating the CmSiO₂ templates by the carbon layer from the carbonization of sucrose. When being applied as the anode material for lithium-ion batteries, the C-mSiO₂-C triple-shell hollow spheres deliver a high capacity of 501 mA·h·g^-1 after 100 cycles at 500 mA·g^-1 (based on the total mass of silica and the two carbon shells), which is higher than those of C-mSiO₂ (391 mA·h·g^-1) spheres with an outer porous SiO₂ layer, C-SiO₂-C (370 mA·h·g^-1) hollow spheres with a middle solid SiO₂ layer, and C-SiO₂ (319.8 mA·h·g^-1) spheres with an outer solid SiO₂ layer. In addition, the battery still delivers a high capacity of 403 mA·h·g^-1 at a current density of 1000 mA·g^-1 after 400 cycles. The good electrochemical performance can be attributed to the high surface area (246.7 m²·g^-1) and pore volume (0.441 cm³·g^-1) of the anode materials, as well as the unique structure of the outer and inner carbon layer which not only enhances electrical conductivity, structural stability, but buffers volume change of the intermediate SiO₂ layer during repeated charge-discharge processes. Furthermore, the SiO₂ nanoplates with opened macroporous structure facilitate the electrolyte transport and electrochemical reaction.

Key words: Silica nanoplates, Carbon shell, Macroporous, Lithium-ion battery

摘要： In this work, SiO₂ nanoplates with opened macroporous structure on carbon layer (C-mSiO₂) have been obtained by dissolving and subsequent regrowing the outer solid SiO₂ layer of the aerosol-based C-SiO₂ double-shell hollow spheres. Subsequently, triple-shell C-mSiO₂-C hollow spheres were successfully prepared after coating the CmSiO₂ templates by the carbon layer from the carbonization of sucrose. When being applied as the anode material for lithium-ion batteries, the C-mSiO₂-C triple-shell hollow spheres deliver a high capacity of 501 mA·h·g^-1 after 100 cycles at 500 mA·g^-1 (based on the total mass of silica and the two carbon shells), which is higher than those of C-mSiO₂ (391 mA·h·g^-1) spheres with an outer porous SiO₂ layer, C-SiO₂-C (370 mA·h·g^-1) hollow spheres with a middle solid SiO₂ layer, and C-SiO₂ (319.8 mA·h·g^-1) spheres with an outer solid SiO₂ layer. In addition, the battery still delivers a high capacity of 403 mA·h·g^-1 at a current density of 1000 mA·g^-1 after 400 cycles. The good electrochemical performance can be attributed to the high surface area (246.7 m²·g^-1) and pore volume (0.441 cm³·g^-1) of the anode materials, as well as the unique structure of the outer and inner carbon layer which not only enhances electrical conductivity, structural stability, but buffers volume change of the intermediate SiO₂ layer during repeated charge-discharge processes. Furthermore, the SiO₂ nanoplates with opened macroporous structure facilitate the electrolyte transport and electrochemical reaction.

关键词: Silica nanoplates, Carbon shell, Macroporous, Lithium-ion battery

Zhijun Yan, Xiangcun Li, Xiaobin Jiang, Le Zhang, Yan Dai, Gaohong He. Dissolution-regrowth synthesis of SiO₂ nanoplates and embedment into two carbon shells for enhanced lithium-ion storage[J]. Chin.J.Chem.Eng., 2018, 26(7): 1522-1527.

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Dissolution-regrowth synthesis of SiO₂ nanoplates and embedment into two carbon shells for enhanced lithium-ion storage

Dissolution-regrowth synthesis of SiO₂ nanoplates and embedment into two carbon shells for enhanced lithium-ion storage

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