Stable interfaces constructed by concentrated ether electrolytes to render robust lithium metal batteries

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2021.03.021

Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (9): 152-158.DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2021.03.021

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Stable interfaces constructed by concentrated ether electrolytes to render robust lithium metal batteries

He Liu^1,2, Tao Li³, Xiangqun Xu⁴, Peng Shi⁴, Xueqiang Zhang⁴, Rui Xu^1,2, Xinbing Cheng⁴, Jiaqi Huang²

1. School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;
2. Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;
3. School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China;
4. Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Received:2021-01-17 Revised:2021-03-05 Online:2021-11-02 Published:2021-09-28
Contact: Jiaqi Huang
Supported by:
This work was supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation (JQ20004), National Natural Science Foundation of China (21805161, 21808121, and U1932220), China Post-Doctoral Science Foundation (2020M670155 and 2020T130054), Scientific and Technological Key Project of Shanxi Province (20191102003).

Stable interfaces constructed by concentrated ether electrolytes to render robust lithium metal batteries

He Liu^1,2, Tao Li³, Xiangqun Xu⁴, Peng Shi⁴, Xueqiang Zhang⁴, Rui Xu^1,2, Xinbing Cheng⁴, Jiaqi Huang²

1. School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;
2. Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;
3. School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China;
4. Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

通讯作者: Jiaqi Huang
基金资助:
This work was supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation (JQ20004), National Natural Science Foundation of China (21805161, 21808121, and U1932220), China Post-Doctoral Science Foundation (2020M670155 and 2020T130054), Scientific and Technological Key Project of Shanxi Province (20191102003).

Abstract

Abstract: Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are highly considered as promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems. However, routine electrolytes cannot tolerate the high potential at cathodes and low potential at anodes simultaneously, leading to severe interfacial reactions. Herein, a highly concentrated electrolyte (HCE) region trapped in porous carbon coating layer is adopted to form a stable and highly conductive solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on Li metal surface. The protected Li metal anode can potentially match the high-voltage cathode in ester electrolytes. Synergistically, this ingenious design promises high-voltage-resistant interfaces at cathodes and stable SEI with abundance of inorganic components at anodes simultaneously in high-voltage LMBs. The feasibility of this interface-regulation strategy is demonstrated in Li|LiFePO₄ batteries, realizing a lifespan twice as long as the routine cells, with a huge capacity retention enhancement from 46.4% to 88.7% after 100 cycles. This contribution proof-of-concepts the emerging principles on the formation and regulation of stable electrode/electrolyte interfaces in the cathode and anode simultaneously towards the next-generation high-energy-density batteries.

Key words: Lithium metal anode, Dendrite, Solid electrolyte interphase, Ester electrolyte, Highly concentrated ether electrolyte

摘要： Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are highly considered as promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems. However, routine electrolytes cannot tolerate the high potential at cathodes and low potential at anodes simultaneously, leading to severe interfacial reactions. Herein, a highly concentrated electrolyte (HCE) region trapped in porous carbon coating layer is adopted to form a stable and highly conductive solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on Li metal surface. The protected Li metal anode can potentially match the high-voltage cathode in ester electrolytes. Synergistically, this ingenious design promises high-voltage-resistant interfaces at cathodes and stable SEI with abundance of inorganic components at anodes simultaneously in high-voltage LMBs. The feasibility of this interface-regulation strategy is demonstrated in Li|LiFePO₄ batteries, realizing a lifespan twice as long as the routine cells, with a huge capacity retention enhancement from 46.4% to 88.7% after 100 cycles. This contribution proof-of-concepts the emerging principles on the formation and regulation of stable electrode/electrolyte interfaces in the cathode and anode simultaneously towards the next-generation high-energy-density batteries.

关键词: Lithium metal anode, Dendrite, Solid electrolyte interphase, Ester electrolyte, Highly concentrated ether electrolyte

He Liu, Tao Li, Xiangqun Xu, Peng Shi, Xueqiang Zhang, Rui Xu, Xinbing Cheng, Jiaqi Huang. Stable interfaces constructed by concentrated ether electrolytes to render robust lithium metal batteries[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2021, 37(9): 152-158.

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Stable interfaces constructed by concentrated ether electrolytes to render robust lithium metal batteries

Stable interfaces constructed by concentrated ether electrolytes to render robust lithium metal batteries

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