Metastable state of gas hydrate during decomposition: A novel phenomenon

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2020.02.003

Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (4): 949-954.DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.02.003

• Reviews • Previous Articles Next Articles

Metastable state of gas hydrate during decomposition: A novel phenomenon

Ronghui Sun¹, Zhen Fan², Lei Yang¹, Yuanping Li³, Xin Lü⁴, Yang Miao⁵

1 Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China;
2 School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom;
3 Institute of Science and Technology, Shenzhen Branch, China National Offshore Oil Corporation, Guangzhou 510420, China;
4 CNOOC Research Institute Co. Ltd, Beijing 100028, China;
5 Xingang Shipbuilding Heavy Industry Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300452, China

Received:2018-12-06 Revised:2019-09-26 Online:2020-07-27 Published:2020-04-28
Contact: Lei Yang
Supported by:
This study is supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant Nos. 2018YFC0310006 and 2017YFC0307300), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51806027 and 51890911) and PetroChina Innovation Foundation.

Metastable state of gas hydrate during decomposition: A novel phenomenon

Ronghui Sun¹, Zhen Fan², Lei Yang¹, Yuanping Li³, Xin Lü⁴, Yang Miao⁵

1 Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China;
2 School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom;
3 Institute of Science and Technology, Shenzhen Branch, China National Offshore Oil Corporation, Guangzhou 510420, China;
4 CNOOC Research Institute Co. Ltd, Beijing 100028, China;
5 Xingang Shipbuilding Heavy Industry Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300452, China

通讯作者: Lei Yang
基金资助:
This study is supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant Nos. 2018YFC0310006 and 2017YFC0307300), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51806027 and 51890911) and PetroChina Innovation Foundation.

Abstract

Abstract: Natural gas hydrates are solid compounds with cage-like structures formed by gas and water. An intriguing phenomenon that gas hydrates can dissociate at a low rate below the ice freezing point has been viewed as the metastability of hydrate. The mechanisms of hydrate metastability have been widely studied, and many mechanisms were proposed involving the self-preservation effect, supercooled water-gas-hydrate metastable equilibrium, and supersaturated liquid-gas-hydrate system etc. The metastable state of hydrate could be of crucial significance in the kinetics of hydrate formation and decomposition, heat and mass transfer during gas production processes, and the application of hydrate-based technique involving desalination, energy storage and transportation, and gas separation and sequestration. Few researches have systematically considered this phenomenon, and its mechanism remains unclear. In this work, various mechanisms and hypothesis explaining the metastable state of gas hydrates were introduced and discussed. Further studies are still required to reveal the intrinsic nature of this metastable state of gas hydrate, and this work could give some implications on the existing theory and current status of relevant efforts.

Key words: Hydrates, Dissociation, Metastability, Self-preservation, Supersaturation

摘要： Natural gas hydrates are solid compounds with cage-like structures formed by gas and water. An intriguing phenomenon that gas hydrates can dissociate at a low rate below the ice freezing point has been viewed as the metastability of hydrate. The mechanisms of hydrate metastability have been widely studied, and many mechanisms were proposed involving the self-preservation effect, supercooled water-gas-hydrate metastable equilibrium, and supersaturated liquid-gas-hydrate system etc. The metastable state of hydrate could be of crucial significance in the kinetics of hydrate formation and decomposition, heat and mass transfer during gas production processes, and the application of hydrate-based technique involving desalination, energy storage and transportation, and gas separation and sequestration. Few researches have systematically considered this phenomenon, and its mechanism remains unclear. In this work, various mechanisms and hypothesis explaining the metastable state of gas hydrates were introduced and discussed. Further studies are still required to reveal the intrinsic nature of this metastable state of gas hydrate, and this work could give some implications on the existing theory and current status of relevant efforts.

关键词: Hydrates, Dissociation, Metastability, Self-preservation, Supersaturation

Ronghui Sun, Zhen Fan, Lei Yang, Yuanping Li, Xin Lü, Yang Miao. Metastable state of gas hydrate during decomposition: A novel phenomenon[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2020, 28(4): 949-954.

Ronghui Sun, Zhen Fan, Lei Yang, Yuanping Li, Xin Lü, Yang Miao. Metastable state of gas hydrate during decomposition: A novel phenomenon[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2020, 28(4): 949-954.

References

[1] E.D. Sloan, C.A. Koh, Overview and historical perspective, Clathrate Hydrates of Natural Gases, Third editionCRC Press 2007, pp. 1-44.
[2] L. Yang, Y. Liu, H. Zhang, B. Xiao, X. Guo, R. Wei, L. Xu, L. Sun, B. Yu, S. Leng, Y. Li, The status of exploitation techniques of natural gas hydrate, Chin. J. Chem. Eng. 27(9) (2019) 2133-2147.
[3] Z. Wu, Y. Li, X. Sun, P. Wu, J. Zheng, Experimental study on the effect of methane hydrate decomposition on gas phase permeability of clayey sediments, Appl Energ 230(2018) 1304-1310.
[4] A. Demirbas, Methane hydrates as potential energy resource:Part 1-Importance, resource and recovery facilities, Energy Convers. Manag. 51(2010) 1547-1561.
[5] Z. Wu, Y. Li, X. Sun, M. Li, R. Jia, Experimental study on the gas phase permeability of montmorillonite sediments in the presence of hydrates, Mar Petrol Geol 91(2018) 373-380.
[6] L.G. Tang, X.S. Li, Z.P. Feng, G. Li, S.S. Fan, Control mechanisms for gas hydrate production by depressurization in different scale hydrate reservoirs, Energ Fuel 21(2007) 227-233.
[7] T.A. Strobel, K.C. Hester, C.A. Koh, A.K. Sum, E.D. Sloan, Properties of the clathrates of hydrogen and developments in their applicability for hydrogen storage, Chem. Phys. Lett. 478(2009) 97-109.
[8] H. Davy, The Bakerian lecture:on some of the combinations of oxymuriatic gas and oxygene, and on the chemical relations of these principles, To Inflammable Bodies, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 101(1800) 1-35.
[9] E.G. Hammerschmidt, Formation of gas hydrates in natural gas transmission lines, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry 26(1934) 851-855.
[10] Y.F. Makogon, S.A. Holditch, T.Y. Makogon, Natural gas-hydrates-A potential energy source for the 21st century, J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 56(2007) 14-31.
[11] Y. Li, W. Liu, Y. Zhu, Y. Chen, Y. Song, Q. Li, Mechanical behaviors of permafrostassociated methane hydrate-bearing sediments under different mining methods, Appl Energ 162(2016) 1627-1632.
[12] R. Boswell, Is gas hydrate energy within reach? Science (80-) 325(2009) 957-958.
[13] C.K. Paull, W.J. Buelow, W. Ussler, W.S. Borowski, Increased continental-margin slumping frequency during sea-level lowstands above gas hydrate-bearing sediments, Geology 24(1996) 143-146.
[14] M. Hyodo, Y. Li, J. Yoneda, Y. Nakata, N. Yoshimoto, A. Nishimura, Effects of dissociation on the shear strength and deformation behavior of methane hydrate-bearing sediments, Mar Petrol Geol 51(2014) 52-62.
[15] J. Yuan, Y. Hou, M. Xu, China's 2020 carbon intensity target:Consistency, implementations, and policy implications, Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev. 16(2012) 4970-4981.
[16] J. Gudmundsson, Frozen hydrate for transport of natural gas, Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of Natural Gas Hydrates, Toulouse, France, 19961996, pp. 415-422.
[17] J. Gudmundsson, F. Hveding, A. Børrehaug, Transport or Natural Gas as Frozen Hydrate, in:The Fifth International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers 1995.
[18] J. Gudmundsson, V. Andersson, O. Levik, M. Parlaktuna, Hydrate Concept for Capturing Associated Gas, in:European Petroleum Conference, Society of Petroleum Engineers 1998.
[19] A.D. Khawaji, I.K. Kutubkhanah, J.-M. Wie, Advances in seawater desalination technologies, Desalination 221(2008) 47-69.
[20] J. Zhao, X. Guo, M. Sun, Y. Zhao, L. Yang, Y. Song, N₂O hydrate formation in porous media:A potential method to mitigate N₂O emissions, Chem. Eng. J. 361(2019) 12-20.
[21] L. Yang, L. Ai, K. Xue, Z. Ling, Y. Li, Analyzing the effects of inhomogeneity on the permeability of porous media containing methane hydrates through pore network models combined with CT observation, Energy 163(2018) 27-37.
[22] S.-Y. Lee, G.D. Holder, Methane hydrates potential as a future energy source, Fuel Process. Technol. 71(2001) 181-186.
[23] N. Goel, M. Wiggins, S. Shah, Analytical modeling of gas recovery from in situ hydrates dissociation, J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 29(2001) 115-127.
[24] G. Ahmadi, C. Ji, D.H. Smith, Production of natural gas from methane hydrate by a constant downhole pressure well, Energy Convers. Manag. 48(2007) 2053-2068.
[25] A. Demirbas, Methane hydrates as potential energy resource:Part 2-Methane production processes from gas hydrates, Energy Convers. Manag. 51(2010) 1562-1571.
[26] Y. Wang, X. Li, G. Li, Y. Zhang, B. Li, J. Feng, A three-dimensional study on methane hydrate decomposition with different methods using five-spot well, Appl. Energy 112(2013) 83-92.
[27] E. Sloan, C. Koh, Estimation techniques for phase Equilibria of natural gas hydrates, Clathrate Hydrates of Natural Gases (2008) 320-523.
[28] D. Kashchiev, A. Firoozabadi, Induction time in crystallization of gas hydrates, J. Cryst. Growth 250(2003) 499-515.
[29] V. Yakushev, V. Istomin, Gas-hydrates self-preservation effect, Physics and Chemistry of Ice (1992) 136-139.
[30] P. Atkins, J. De Paula, Elements of Physical Chemistry, Oxford University Press, USA, 2013.
[31] J. Lubaś, B. Darłak, Metastability of natural gas hydrates in the presence of N₂ and H₂S, Journal of Energy Resources Technology 126(2004) 125-132.
[32] V. Skripov, Metastable Liquids, Wiley, New York, 1974.
[33] G. Gu, G.R. Dickens, G. Bhatnagar, F.S. Colwell, G.J. Hirasaki, W.G.J.N.G. Chapman, Abundant Early Palaeogene marine gas hydrates despite warm deep-ocean temperatures, Nat. Geosci. 4(2011) 848.
[34] B.A. Buffett, O.Y. Zatsepina, Metastability of gas hydrate, Geophys. Res. Lett. 26(1999) 2981-2984.
[35] Y. Li, P. Wu, W. Liu, X. Sun, Z. Cui, Y. Song, A microfocus x-ray computed tomography based gas hydrate triaxial testing apparatus, Rev Sci Instrum 90(2019), 055106.
[36] V.P. Melnikov, L.S. Podenko, A.O. Drachuk, N.S. Molokitin, A.M. Reshetnikov, Dissociation of gas hydrates produced from methane and "dry water" at temperatures below 273 K, Dokl. Phys. Chem. 461(2015) 4945.
[37] Y. Nakajima, T. Takaoki, K. Ohgaki, S. Ota, Use of hydrate pellets for transportation of natural gas-Ⅱ-proposition of natural gas transportation in form of hydrate pellets, Proc. 4th Int. Conf. Gas Hydrates 2002, pp. 987-990.
[38] M. Yang, Z. Fu, Y. Zhao, L. Jiang, J. Zhao, Y. Song, Effect of depressurization pressure on methane recovery from hydrate-gas-water bearing sediments, Fuel 166(2016) 419-426.
[39] V. Yakushev, V. Istomin, The origin of gas blowouts from permafrost in Yamburg gas/condensate field, problems of gas fields development in permafrost conditions, The Digest/VNⅡGAZ (1987) 119-127.
[40] Y.P. Handa, A calorimetric study of naturally occurring gas hydrates, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 27(1988) 872-874.
[41] V. Yakushev, Gas-Hydrates Self-preservation Effect, Physics and Chemistry of Ice Hokkaido University Press, 1992.
[42] J. Gudmundsson, M. Parlaktuna, Gas-in-ice:Concept evaluation, Technical Report, University of Trondheim, The Norwegian Institute of Technology, Department of Petroleum Engineering and Applied Geophysics (1991).
[43] E. Ershov, V. Yakushev, Experimental research on gas hydrate decomposition in frozen rocks, Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. 20(1992) 147-156.
[44] V. Melnikov, A. Nesterov, A. Reshetnikov, Gas hydrates dissociation at barometric pressure, Gazoviye Gidraty (Gas hydrates), 200555-61.
[45] V. Istomin, V. Kwon, V. Yakushev, Engineering Computations of Gas Hydrates Formation Conditions, The manual, Moscow, VNⅡGAZ, 1989.
[46] L.A. Stern, S. Circone, S.H. Kirby, W.B. Durham, Anomalous preservation of pure methane hydrate at 1 atm, J. Phys. Chem. B 105(2001) 1756-1762.
[47] L.A. Stern, S.H. Kirby, W.B. Durham, S. Circone, W.F. Waite, Laboratory synthesis of pure methane hydrate suitable for measurement of physical properties and decomposition behavior, Natural Gas Hydrate, Springer 2000, pp. 323-348.
[48] W. Kuhs, G. Genov, D. Staykova, T. Hansen, Ice perfection and onset of anomalous preservation of gas hydrates, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 6(2004) 4917-4920.
[49] W. Kuhs, G. Genov, D. Staykova, T. Hansen, Ice Perfection and Anomalous Preservation of Gas Hydrates, in:Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Gas Hydrates, Trondheim, Norway, 2005.
[50] V. Istomin, V. Kvon, S. Dolgaev, Metastability in Gas Hydrates Formation and Decomposition, in:Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Gas Hydrates (ICGH 2011), Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom, 2011.
[51] V.P. Melnikov, A.N. Nesterov, L.S. Podenko, A.M. Reshetnikov, V.V. Shalamov, NMR evidence of supercooled water formation during gas hydrate dissociation below the melting point of ice, Chem. Eng. Sci. 71(2012) 573-577.
[52] V.P. Melnikov, A.N. Nesterov, A.M. Reshetnikov, Formation of supercooled water upon dissociation of propane hydrates at T b 270 K, Dokl. Phys. Chem. 417(2007) 304-307.
[53] V.P. Melnikov, A.N. Nesterov, A.M. Reshetnikov, A.G. Zavodovsky, Evidence of liquid water formation during methane hydrates dissociation below the ice point, Chem. Eng. Sci. 64(2009) 1160-1166.
[54] T. Yagasaki, M. Matsumoto, Y. Andoh, S. Okazaki, H. Tanaka, Effect of bubble formation on the dissociation of methane hydrate in water:A molecular dynamics study, J. Phys. Chem. B 118(2014) 1900-1906.
[55] L. Yang, A. Falenty, M. Chaouachi, D. Haberthür, W.F. Kuhs, Synchrotron X-ray computed microtomography study on gas hydrate decomposition in a sedimentary matrix, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 17(2016) 3717-3732.
[56] Y. Handa, Calorimetric determinations of the compositions, enthalpies of dissociation, and heat capacities in the range 85 to 270 K for clathrate hydrates of xenon and krypton, J. Chem. Thermodyn. 18(1986) 891-902.
[57] C.G. Pruteanu, G.J. Ackland, W.C. Poon, J.S. Loveday, When immiscible becomes miscible-methane in water at high pressures, Sci. Adv. 3(2017), e1700240.
[58] Y.V.S. Istomin, A. V, N.A. Makhonina, et al., Self-preservation Phenomenon of Gas Hydrate, Gas Industry of Russia, 200616-27.
[59] J.S. Gudmundsson, M. Parlaktuna, A. Khokhar, Storage of natural gas as frozen hydrate, SPE Production & Facilities 9(1994) 69-73.
[60] T. Ebinuma, S. Takeya, E.M. Chuvilin, Y. Kamata, T. Uchida, J. Nagao, H. Narita, Dissociation behaviors of gas hydrates at low temperature, Proc. 4th International Hydrate Conference 2002, pp. 19-23.
[61] A. Falenty, W.F. Kuhs, M. Glockzin, G. Rehder, "Self-preservation" of CH₄ hydrates for gas transport technology:pressure-temperature dependence and ice microstructures, Energ Fuel 28(2014) 6275-6283.
[62] A. Falenty, W.F. Kuhs, "Self-preservation" of CO₂ gas hydrates-surface microstructure and ice perfection, J. Phys. Chem. B 113(2009) 15975-15988.
[63] V. Istomin, On the possibilities of natural gas hydrates and other water crystalline structures superheating, Zhurnal Fizicheskoi Khimii (Journal of Physical Chemistry) 73(1999) 2091-2095.
[64] O.I.Levik,Thermophysical and compositional propertiesofnaturalgas hydrate,Ph. D Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Techhnology, Norway, 2000.
[65] V. Istomin, On possibility of superheating of natural gas hydrates and other hydrogencontaining crystalline structures, Russ. J. Phys. Chem. 73(1999) 1887-1890.
[66] S. Takeya, T. Ebinuma, T. Uchida, J. Nagao, H. Narita, Self-preservation effect and dissociation rates of CH₄ hydrate, J. Cryst. Growth 237(2002) 379-382.
[67] S. Takeya, W. Shimada, Y. Kamata, T. Ebinuma, T. Uchida, J. Nagao, H. Narita, In situ X-ray diffraction measurements of the self-preservation effect of CH₄ hydrate, J. Phys. Chem. A 105(2001) 9756-9759.
[68] W. Lin, G.J. Chen, C.Y. Sun, X.Q. Guo, Z.K. Wu, M.Y. Liang, L.T. Chen, L.Y. Yang, Effect of surfactant on the formation and dissociation kinetic behavior of methane hydrate, Chem. Eng. Sci. 59(2004) 4449-4455.
[69] X. Wang, G. Chen, C. Sun, L. Yang, Q. Ma, J. Chen, P. Liu, X.l. Tang, H. Zhao, W. Chen, The dependence of the dissociation rate of methane-SDS hydrate below ice point on its manners of forming and processing, Chin. J. Chem. Eng. 17(2009) 128-135.
[70] M. Liang, G. Chen, C. Sun, L. Yan, J. Liu, Q. Ma, Experimental and modeling study on decomposition kinetics of methane hydrates in different media, J. Phys. Chem. B 109(2005) 19034-19041.
[71] S. Takeya, T. Uchida, J. Nagao, R. Ohmura, W. Shimada, Y. Kamata, T. Ebinuma, H. Narita, Particle size effect of CH₄ hydrate for self-preservation, Chem. Eng. Sci. 60(2005) 1383-1387.
[72] S. Circone, L.A. Stern, S.H. Kirby, The effect of elevated methane pressure on methane hydrate dissociation, Am. Mineral. 89(2004) 1192-1201.
[73] B. Mason, G. Bryant, A. Van den Heuvel, The growth habits and surface structure of ice crystals, Philos. Mag. 8(1963) 505-526.
[74] A. Falenty, T.C. Hansen, W.F. Kuhs, Formation and properties of ice XVI obtained by emptying a type sⅡ clathrate hydrate, Nature 516(2014) 231-233.
[75] V.P. Melnikov, A.N. Nesterov, A.M. Reshetnikov, V.A. Istomin, V.G. Kwon, Stability and growth of gas hydrates below the ice-hydrate-gas equilibrium line on the P-T phase diagram, Chem. Eng. Sci. 65(2010) 906-914.
[76] V.P. Melnikov, A.N. Nesterov, A.M. Reshetnikov, V.A. Istomin, Metastable states during dissociation of carbon dioxide hydrates below 273K, Chem. Eng. Sci. 66(2011) 73-77.
[77] M.S. Madygulov, A.N. Nesterov, A.M. Reshetnikov, V.A. Vlasov, A.G. Zavodovsky, Study of gas hydrate metastability and its decay for hydrate samples containing unreacted supercooled liquid water below the ice melting point using pulse NMR, Chem. Eng. Sci. 137(2015) 287-292.
[78] Y. Kuang, X. Lei, L. Yang, Y. Zhao, J. Zhao, Observation of in situ growth and decomposition of carbon dioxide hydrate at gas-water interfaces using magnetic resonance imaging, Energ Fuel 32(2018) 6964-6969.
[79] M.Z. Faizullin, A.V. Vinogradov, V.P. Koverda, Hydrate formation in layers of gas-saturated amorphous ice, Chem. Eng. Sci. 130(2015) 135-143.
[80] H. Ohno, T.A. Strobel, S.F. Dec, J.E.D. Sloan, C.A. Koh, Raman studies of methane-ethane hydrate metastability, J. Phys. Chem. A 113(2009) 1711-1716.

Metastable state of gas hydrate during decomposition: A novel phenomenon

Metastable state of gas hydrate during decomposition: A novel phenomenon

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	Peng-Fei Shen, Gang Li, Xiao-Sen Li, Bo Li, Jin-Ming Zhang. Application of fracturing technology to increase gas production in low-permeability hydrate reservoir: A numerical study [J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2021, 34(6): 267-277.
[2]	Ekta Chaturvedi, Sukumar Laik, Ajay Mandal. A comprehensive review of the effect of different kinetic promoters on methane hydrate formation [J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2021, 32(4): 1-16.
[3]	Xuke Ruan, Xiao-Sen Li. Investigation of the methane hydrate surface area during depressurization-induced dissociation in hydrate-bearing porous media [J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2021, 32(4): 324-334.
[4]	Vafa Feyzi, Vahid Mohebbi. Experimental and modeling study of the kinetics of methane hydrate formation and dissociation [J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2021, 29(1): 365-374.
[5]	Liang Yang, Xin Wang, Daoping Liu, Guomin Cui, Binlin Dou, Juan Wang, Shuqing Hao. Accelerated methane storage in clathrate hydrates using surfactantstabilized suspension with graphite nanoparticles [J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2020, 28(4): 1112-1119.
[6]	Guangchun Song, Yuxing Li, Wuchang Wang, Kai Jiang, Zhengzhuo Shi, Shupeng Yao. Hydrate formation in oil-water systems: Investigations of the influences of water cut and anti-agglomerant [J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2020, 28(2): 369-377.
[7]	Ankita, Dinesh Chand, Anil Kumar Nain. Insight into solute-solute and solute-solvent interactions of semicarbazide hydrochloride in water and D-glucose/D-sucrose+water solutions at temperatures (293.15 to 318.15) K [J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2020, 28(12): 3086-3095.
[8]	Niall J English, Mohammad Reza Ghaani. Hybrid versus global thermostatting in molecular-dynamics simulation of methane-hydrate crystallisation [J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2019, 27(9): 2180-2188.
[9]	Sheshan Bhimrao Meshram, Omkar S Kushwaha, Palle Ravinder Reddy, Gaurav Bhattacharjee, Rajnish Kumar. Investigation on the effect of oxalic acid, succinic acid and aspartic acid on the gas hydrate formation kinetics [J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2019, 27(9): 2148-2156.
[10]	Mingjun Yang, Zhanquan Ma, Yi Gao, Lanlan Jiang. Dissociation characteristics of methane hydrate using depressurization combined with thermal stimulation [J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2019, 27(9): 2089-2098.
[11]	Wenxiang Zhang, Shuanshi Fan, Yanhong Wang, Xuemei Lang, Kai Guo, Jianbiao Chen. Evidence for pore-filling gas hydrates in the sediments through morphology observation [J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2019, 27(9): 2081-2088.
[12]	Zhenyuan Yin, Praveen Linga. Methane hydrates: A future clean energy resource [J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2019, 27(9): 2026-2036.
[13]	Kefeng Yan, Xiaosen Li, Zhaoyang Chen, Yu Zhang, Chungang Xu, Zhiming Xia. Methane hydrate formation and dissociation behaviors in montmorillonite [J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2019, 27(5): 1212-1218.
[14]	Liang Chen, Yunren Qiu. Removal of Cd (Ⅱ) from dilute aqueous solutions by complexation–ultrafiltration using rotating disk membrane and the shear stability of PAA–Cd complex [J]. Chin.J.Chem.Eng., 2019, 27(3): 519-527.
[15]	Cornelius B. Bavoh, Bhajan Lal, Omar Nashed, Muhammad S. Khan, Lau K. Keong, Mohd. Azmi Bustam. COSMO-RS: An ionic liquid prescreening tool for gas hydrate mitigation [J]. Chin.J.Chem.Eng., 2016, 24(11): 1619-1624.