The composition profiles in an I.D.30mm Oldershaw distillation column with 6 plates at total reflux weremeasured for two ternary systems,ethanol/chloroform/n-hexane and cyclohexane/n-heptane/toluene.Somecomponent effieiencies exhibit the bizarre behaviour,exceeding the normal range(0,1),at the plates near theextreme points of the concentration profiles of the components.The possible relationship between the extremeof the profiles and the bizarre values of component efficiencies has been analysed,and the feasibility and availa-bility of some approaches for the estimation of the component efficiencies are discussed.

A new equation of state(PHSMSA EOS)based on perturbation theory is developed for calculating high-pressure phase equilibria of aqueous electrolyte systems containing supercritical gases,light hydrocarbons andpolar components.The binary interaction parameters are determined:for ion-ion pairs by regression of ionicactivity coefficient data;for molecule-molecule pairs by fitting the VLE data of binary nonelectrolyte mixtures;and for ion-molecule pairs by fitting the gas solubility data of ternary gas-water-salt systems.The new EOShas been tested on the prediction of solubilities of methane,nitrogen and natural gas mixtures in brine.Sat-isfactory agreement with the experimental data measured by authors and other investigators is observed.

A slit die apparatus is used to measure hole pressures for two polymer melts.Hole pressures up to 110kPa are determined and shear rates reach 200 s~(-1).Viscosity data obtained from the same apparatus agreewell with the values obtained from a cone-and-plate rheometer or a capillary rheometer.The hole pressuresobtained by direct measurements are all positive and increase with increasing shear stress.The values of the firstnormal stress difference obtained from hole pressures according to the Higashitani-Pritchard(HP)theory are ofthe right order of magnitude,but appear to be on the low side when compared with values obtained from a cone-and-plate rheometer or with values obtained via exit pressures.It is believed that the hole pressure is a measureof fluid elasticity,but cannot yield accurate values of the first normal stress difference according to the HP theory.

Based on the group interaction parameters determined from binary VLE data,the VDW-GC EOS developedin Part I~[13] is extended to binary and multicomponent liquid-liquid equilibrium calculations.Equilibrium phasecompositions and the temperature effects on LLE can be predicted with reasonable accuracy.

This paper determined the association degree of n-BuLi and polybutadinyllithium(PBLi)by UV spec-trometry and viscometry.The experimental results of UV spectrometric analysis showed that the associationdegree of n-BuLi as well as PBLi is dependent mainly on their concentration in solutions;there may be specieswith three and two degrees of association in cyclohexane solvent respectively for n-BuLi and PBLi,i.e.the asso-ciation degree for the former is equal to 2,4 and 6;and for the latter it equals to 2 and 4.Similarly,the experi-mental results obtained by viscometric measurement showed that the average association degree N of PBLiin cyclohexane changed from 2 to 4 with increasing of its concentration in solution and decreased with addi-tion of a small amount of polar additive into the above mentioned system.Furthermore,in pure polar solvent,such as dimethoxyethane(DME),tetrahydrofuran(THF)or dioxane(DOX),PBLi is completely dissociatedinto monomeric species;however,in pure diethyl ether,due to its weak polarity a part of associated species stillcan be found.Generally speaking,all of the above results were consistent with the results of kinetic studies in-vestigated by us before.

Radial profiles of solid concentration and velocity for concurrent downward gas-solid suspension in a140mm inside diameter fast fluidized bed were investigated.The influence of gas velocity,solid circulating rateand axial position on radial profiles of solid concentration and particle velocity has been examined.It hasbeen found that an annular region of high solid concentration exists at r/R=0.94.At both the center and wallregion,the solid concentration and the particle velocities are relatively low.The shape of radial solid con-centration profile curves is mainly dependent on the cross-section averaged voidage,and the shape of radialparticle velocity profile is mainly affected by the gas velocity and cross-section averaged voidage.Based on the radial profiles of solid concentration and particle velocity,the solid mass flux profile and thenonuniformity of solids flow are discussed in this paper.It is shown that solids flow in CDFFB is much moreuniform than that in UFFB.

This paper presents an experimental study on the radial and axial profiles of local particle velocity of flu-idized catalyst(FCC)particles in a circulating fluidized bed of 8000mm in height and 186mm in inside diameterwith a Fiber-Optic Probe Laser Doppler Velocimetry.It has been found that the radial profiles of local particlevelocity are parabolic,even in the centre region and steep in the region near the bed wall,and that the length ofparticle acceleration along the bed height is longer than expected.The following formula has been recommended to correlate the 1 ocal particle velocity with dilute gas-solidflow in the bed:where a,b,c and e are functions of radial positions.

The lateral mixing of solids in a gas-solids fluidized bed is very complicated.It can be caused by:(a)bubble movement through the bed,(b)bubble burst at the bed surface,and(c)gross particle circulation in thebed.However,experiments show that the major factors effected the lateral mixing of solids are the bubblemovement through the bed and the bubble burst at the bed surface.Thus a model with two mixing re-gions,i.e.mixing in bubble rising region and mixing in bubble breaking region,was proposed.Based on thismodel,an equation for predicting the lateral dispersion coefficient of solids in gas-solids fluidized beds wasderived without any adjustable parameter.The calculated values by this equation are well comparable withthe observed data including the present work and the other investigations.

Breakage and coalescence rates of droplets in reciprocating plate extraction columns were investigated bystep change in mixing intensity.Mean drop size was measured by laser light transmission technique combinedwith measurement of local holdup.Batch and countercurrent flow experiments with and without mass transferoccurring show that the dispersion mechanisms are different.The Monte Carlo simulation by digital computerwas used to treat the experimental data and models of breakage and coalescence rates were obtained.

The experimental study on hydrodynamics,axial mixing and mass transfer has been carried out in anewly developed liquid-liquid contactor,the open turbine rotating disc contactor(OTRDC).It has been foundthat the OTRDC is possible to be operated with higher hold-up of dispersed phase,larger interface and hencehigher efficiency of mass transfer comparing with the ordinary RDC.In correlating axial mixing data,a combinedmodel has been used in which both forward mixing due to the drop size distribution and backmixingof droplets are taken into account.The RTD curves of dispersed phase predicted by the model were fit wellwith the experimental data.The comparison of the experimental mass transfer data with thosc predicted by theaxial mixing model and theoretical single drop models shown they are in good agreement.

A new group-contribution method involving specific gravity as a parameter is proposed for predicting criticaltemperature.Being appliable to all kinds of organic compounds,it gives an average percent deviation of 0.88%for 93 compounds and is particularly useful to those substances for which the normal boiling points are stillunknown.