Superior adsorption performance of graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets for both cationic and anionic heavy metals from wastewater

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2018.09.028

Chin.J.Chem.Eng. ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (2): 305-313.DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2018.09.028

• Separation Science and Engineering • Previous Articles Next Articles

Superior adsorption performance of graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets for both cationic and anionic heavy metals from wastewater

Gang Xiao, Yaoqiang Wang, Shengnan Xu, Peifeng Li, Chen Yang, Yu Jin, Qiufeng Sun, Haijia Su

State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering (BAIC-SM), Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China

Received:2018-01-20 Revised:2018-04-24 Online:2019-03-18 Published:2019-02-28
Contact: Haijia Su
Supported by:
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21525625), the National Basic Research Program (973 Program) of China (2014CB745100), the (863) High Technology Project of China (2013AA020302), the Chinese Universities Scientific Fund (JD1417), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project (2017M610038), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (ZY1712, XK1701)

Superior adsorption performance of graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets for both cationic and anionic heavy metals from wastewater

Gang Xiao, Yaoqiang Wang, Shengnan Xu, Peifeng Li, Chen Yang, Yu Jin, Qiufeng Sun, Haijia Su

State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering (BAIC-SM), Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China

通讯作者: Haijia Su
基金资助:
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21525625), the National Basic Research Program (973 Program) of China (2014CB745100), the (863) High Technology Project of China (2013AA020302), the Chinese Universities Scientific Fund (JD1417), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project (2017M610038), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (ZY1712, XK1701)

Abstract

Abstract: Water pollution caused by highly toxic Cd(Ⅱ), Pb(Ⅱ), and Cr(VI) is a serious problem. In the present work, a green and low-cost adsorbent of g-C₃N₄ nanosheets was developed with superior capacity for both cationic and anionic heavy metals. The adsorbent was easily fabricated through one-step calcination of guanidine hydrochloride with thickness less than 1.6 nm and specific surface area of 111.2 m²·g^-1. Kinetic and isotherm studies suggest that the adsorption is an endothermic chemisorption process, occurring on the energetically heterogeneous surface based on a hybrid mechanism of multilayer and monolayer adsorption. The tri-s-triazine units and surface N-containing groups of g-C₃N₄ nanosheets are proposed to be responsible for the adsorption process. Further study on pH demonstrates that electrostatic interaction plays an important role. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cd(Ⅱ), Pb(Ⅱ), and Cr(VI) on g-C₃N₄ nanosheets is 123.205 mg·g^-1, 136.571 mg·g^-1, and 684.451 mg·g^-1, respectively. The better adsorption performance of the adsorbent than that of the recently reported nanomaterials and low-cost adsorbents proves its great application potential in the removal of heavy metal contaminants from wastewater. The present paper developed a promising adsorbent which will certainly find applications in wastewater treatment and also provides guiding significance in designing adsorption processes.

Key words: g-C₃N₄ nanosheets, Nanomaterials, Adsorption, Heavy metals, Wastewater

摘要： Water pollution caused by highly toxic Cd(Ⅱ), Pb(Ⅱ), and Cr(VI) is a serious problem. In the present work, a green and low-cost adsorbent of g-C₃N₄ nanosheets was developed with superior capacity for both cationic and anionic heavy metals. The adsorbent was easily fabricated through one-step calcination of guanidine hydrochloride with thickness less than 1.6 nm and specific surface area of 111.2 m²·g^-1. Kinetic and isotherm studies suggest that the adsorption is an endothermic chemisorption process, occurring on the energetically heterogeneous surface based on a hybrid mechanism of multilayer and monolayer adsorption. The tri-s-triazine units and surface N-containing groups of g-C₃N₄ nanosheets are proposed to be responsible for the adsorption process. Further study on pH demonstrates that electrostatic interaction plays an important role. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cd(Ⅱ), Pb(Ⅱ), and Cr(VI) on g-C₃N₄ nanosheets is 123.205 mg·g^-1, 136.571 mg·g^-1, and 684.451 mg·g^-1, respectively. The better adsorption performance of the adsorbent than that of the recently reported nanomaterials and low-cost adsorbents proves its great application potential in the removal of heavy metal contaminants from wastewater. The present paper developed a promising adsorbent which will certainly find applications in wastewater treatment and also provides guiding significance in designing adsorption processes.

关键词: g-C₃N₄ nanosheets, Nanomaterials, Adsorption, Heavy metals, Wastewater

Gang Xiao, Yaoqiang Wang, Shengnan Xu, Peifeng Li, Chen Yang, Yu Jin, Qiufeng Sun, Haijia Su. Superior adsorption performance of graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets for both cationic and anionic heavy metals from wastewater[J]. Chin.J.Chem.Eng., 2019, 27(2): 305-313.

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Superior adsorption performance of graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets for both cationic and anionic heavy metals from wastewater

Superior adsorption performance of graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets for both cationic and anionic heavy metals from wastewater

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