A more precise method to evaluate kinetic leakage of anion exchange resin used in condensate polishing of power plant

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2021.03.035

Abstract

Abstract: Sulfate mass transfer coefficient (MTC) is a sensitive parameter to evaluate the kinetic leakage of anion exchange resin used in condensate polishing system of thermal and nuclear power plant. However, a sufficiently precise determination method has not been well established. In this paper, the final expression of sulfate MTC derived based on plug flow reactor model is the same as Harries’ model, which is widely acknowledged in this field. In the determining system we constructed, in-situ calibration of the concentration of sulfate and its cation conductivity was conducted and sulfate MTCs of four typical strongly basic anion exchange resin samples were determined. The systematic error is 8.26% and the calibrated curve used for quantifying sulfate is obtained. The repeatability and reproducibility standard deviation are 0.05×10^-4 m·s^-1 and 0.07×10^-4 m·s^-1 respectively, which are lower than previous works. By controlling test condition accurately, this study has developed a more precise sulfate MTC determining method. This method provides a basis for further research.

Key words: Sulfate mass transfer coefficient (MTC), Anion exchange resin, Kinetic leakage, Condensate polishing, Power plant

摘要： Sulfate mass transfer coefficient (MTC) is a sensitive parameter to evaluate the kinetic leakage of anion exchange resin used in condensate polishing system of thermal and nuclear power plant. However, a sufficiently precise determination method has not been well established. In this paper, the final expression of sulfate MTC derived based on plug flow reactor model is the same as Harries’ model, which is widely acknowledged in this field. In the determining system we constructed, in-situ calibration of the concentration of sulfate and its cation conductivity was conducted and sulfate MTCs of four typical strongly basic anion exchange resin samples were determined. The systematic error is 8.26% and the calibrated curve used for quantifying sulfate is obtained. The repeatability and reproducibility standard deviation are 0.05×10^-4 m·s^-1 and 0.07×10^-4 m·s^-1 respectively, which are lower than previous works. By controlling test condition accurately, this study has developed a more precise sulfate MTC determining method. This method provides a basis for further research.

关键词: Sulfate mass transfer coefficient (MTC), Anion exchange resin, Kinetic leakage, Condensate polishing, Power plant

Tianping Wang, Xuxiang Jia, Chunsong Ye. A more precise method to evaluate kinetic leakage of anion exchange resin used in condensate polishing of power plant[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2021, 40(12): 160-166.

Tianping Wang, Xuxiang Jia, Chunsong Ye. A more precise method to evaluate kinetic leakage of anion exchange resin used in condensate polishing of power plant[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2021, 40(12): 160-166.

References

[1] GB/T 12145-2016, Quality Criterion of Water and Steam for Power Plant and Steam-Generating Equipment, Beijing, China, 2016.
[2] C. Shuang, J. Wang, H. Li, A. Li, Q. Zhou, Effect of the chemical structure of anion exchange resin on the adsorption of humic acid: behavior and mechanism, J. Colloid Interf. Sci. 437 (2015)163-169
[3] G.Z. Beril, K. Yasemin, V. Ilda, B. Hulusi, Capacity loss in an organically fouled anion exchanger, Desalination. 189(1) (2006)303-307
[4] C. Simister, F. Caron, R. Gedye, Determination of the thermal degradation rate of polystyrene-divinyl benzene ion exchange resins in ultra-pure water at ambient and service temperature, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Ch. 261(3) (2004) 523-531
[5] G.C. Lee, G.L. Foutch, A. Arunachalam, Evaluation of mass-transfer coefficients for new and used ion-exchange resins, React. Funct. Polym. 35(1-2) (1997)55-73
[6] A. Nesbitt, J. Petersen, A multiple mechanism model for measuring extra- and intraparticle mass transport in ion exchange resins, Aiche J. 66(1) (2019)e16825
[7] W.A. Selke, Y. Bard, A.D. Pasternak, S.K. Aditya, Mass transfer rates in ion exchange, Aiche J. 2(4) (1956)468-470
[8] V.N. Chowdiah, G.L. Foutch, G. Lee, Binary liquid-phase mass transport in mixed-bed ion exchange at low solute concentration, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 42(7) (2003)1485-1494
[9] R.R. Harries, K. Tittle, Deterioration of exchange kinetics in condensate purification plant, the 4th International Conference on Water Chemistry of Nuclear Reactor Systems, Bournemouth, Britain, 1986
[10] D.F. Hussey, A.K. Pandey, G.L. Foutch, A mass transfer coefficient for radial flow adsorption and ion exchange, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 51(3) (2012)1429-1434
[11] R.R. Harries, ion exchange kinetics in ultra pure water systems, J. Chem. Technol. Biot. 51(4) (1991)437-447
[12] J.T. Mcnulty, M. Eumann, C.A. Bevan, V.C.T. Tan, Anion exchange resin kinetic testing an indispensable diagnostic tool for condensate polisher troubleshooting, the 47th annual meeting international water conference, Pittsburgh, United States, 1986
[13] ASTM D6302-98, Standard Practice for Evaluating the Kinetic Behavior of Ion Exchange Resins, West Conshohocken, United States, 2017
[14] H. Maruful, R.M. Montashirur, K. Ahmedul, A. Allen, G. L. Foutch, Mass-transfer coefficient as an indicator of resin performance: impacts of film-forming amines and storage time on condensate polishing ion-exchange resins, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 57(31) (2018)10601-10608
[15] Field Demonstration of the EPRI Resin Tester: Prototype Development and Initial Field Usage, EPRI Technical Report No. 1008084, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, United States, 2004.
[16] DL/T 1854-2018, Evaluation of Kinetic Behavior of Strongly Basic Anion Exchange Resin for Water Treatment in Power Plant, Beijing, China, 2018.
[17] ASTM D6504-11, Standard Practice for On-line Determination of Cation Conductivity in High Purity Water, West Conshohocken, United States, 2016.
[18] GB/T 19077-2016, Particle Size Analysis-Laser Diffraction Methods, Beijing, China, 2016.
[19] GB/T 6379.2-2004, Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measurement Methods and Results - Part 2: Basic Method for the Determination of Repeatability and Reproducibility of a Standard Measurement Method, Beijing, China, 2004.
[20] B. Guo, A. Yu, B. Wright, P. Zulli, Simulation of turbulent flow in a packed bed, Chem. Eng. Technol. 29(5) (2006)596-603
[21] F.G. Helfferich. Ion exchange, McGraw Hill, New York, 1962
[22] C.E. Borba, E.A. Silva, S. Spohr, G.H.F. Santos, R. Guirardello, Application of the mass action law to describe ion exchange equilibrium in a fixed-bed column, Chem. Eng. J. 172(1) (2011)312-320
[23] DL/T 771-2014, Guideline for the Selection of Ion Exchange Resins Used in Power Plant Water Treatment Systems, Beijing, China, 2014.
[24] J.A. Sidwell, B.G. Willoughby, Examination of styrene-divinylbenzene ion-exchange resins, used in contact with food, for potential migrants, Food Addit Contam. 23(7) (2006)726-737
[25] T. Luukkonen, E.T. Tolonen, H. Runtti, J. Pellinen, T. Hu, J. Rämö, U. Lassi, Removal of total organic carbon (TOC) residues from power plant make-up water by activated carbon, J. Water Process. Eng. 3 (2014)46-52
[26] R.D.A. Domingos, F.V.D. Fonseca, Evaluation of adsorbent and ion exchange resins for removal of organic matter from petroleum refinery wastewaters aiming to increase water reuse, J. Environ. Manage. 214 (2018)362-369
[27] D. Kao, L. Chen, T. Wen, C. Chu, Study on the leachable behavior of cation exchange resins, J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., 53(6) (2016)921-927
[28] Z. Zhu, X. Tang, Z. Yin, W. Yu, Sulfate ion (SO₄^2-) release from old and new cation exchange resins used in condensate polishing systems for power plants, Water Sci. Technol. 70(7) (2014)1188-1194
[29] DL/T 333.1-2010, Technique Requirements of Condensate Polishing in Thermal Power Plant Part 1: Water-Cooled Unit, Beijing, China, 2010.