Facile modification of aluminum hypophosphate and its flame retardancy for polystyrene

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2023.02.001

Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (8): 90-98.DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2023.02.001

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Facile modification of aluminum hypophosphate and its flame retardancy for polystyrene

Wensheng Li^1,2,3, Liangyuan Qi¹, Daolin Ye^2,3, Wei Cai^1,3, Weiyi Xing^1,3

1. State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
2. Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, China;
3. Suzhou Key Laboratory of Urban Public Safety, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215000, China

Received:2022-08-31 Revised:2023-01-25 Online:2023-10-28 Published:2023-08-28
Contact: Weiyi Xing,E-mail:xingwy@ustc.edu.cn
Supported by:
The research was financially supported by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS (2019448), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (WK2480000007), the Excellent Young Scientist Training Program of USTC (KY2320000018), USTC Tang Scholar, Youth Innovation cross-team fund project of Qinghai Salt Lake Research Institute (LJCTD-2022-3). This work was partially carried out at the USTC Center for Micro and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication, and we thank Hai-Tao Liu for his help on micro/nanofabrication. We thank Dr. Jin Yi at the Experimental Center of Engineering and Material Sciences at USTC for their assistance with thermophysical property analysis.

Facile modification of aluminum hypophosphate and its flame retardancy for polystyrene

Wensheng Li^1,2,3, Liangyuan Qi¹, Daolin Ye^2,3, Wei Cai^1,3, Weiyi Xing^1,3

1. State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
2. Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, China;
3. Suzhou Key Laboratory of Urban Public Safety, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215000, China

通讯作者: Weiyi Xing,E-mail:xingwy@ustc.edu.cn
基金资助:
The research was financially supported by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS (2019448), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (WK2480000007), the Excellent Young Scientist Training Program of USTC (KY2320000018), USTC Tang Scholar, Youth Innovation cross-team fund project of Qinghai Salt Lake Research Institute (LJCTD-2022-3). This work was partially carried out at the USTC Center for Micro and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication, and we thank Hai-Tao Liu for his help on micro/nanofabrication. We thank Dr. Jin Yi at the Experimental Center of Engineering and Material Sciences at USTC for their assistance with thermophysical property analysis.

Abstract

Abstract: A phosphorus-containing flame retardant, aluminum hypophosphite (AHPi), has been modified by (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (KH550) to prepare flame-retardant polystyrene (PS). The influence of modified AHPi on the morphology and characterization was investigated, and differences in flame retardant properties of the PS/AHPi and PS/modified AHPi were compared. The PS composite can pass the vertical burning tests (UL-94 standard) with a V-0 rating when the mass content of modified AHPi reaches 20%, compared with the mass content of 25% AHPi. The element mapping of the PS composite shows that modified AHPi has better dispersion in PS than AHPi. Thermogravimetric analysis results indicated that adding modified AHPi can advance the initial decomposition temperature of the composite material. With the addition of modified AHPi, the decrease in peak heat release rate (pHRR) is more evident than AHPi, and the char yield of the resultant PS composites gradually increased. With the addition of 25% modified AHPi, the pHRR and total heat release of PS composites decreased by 81.4% and 37.6%. The modification of AHPi promoted its dispersion in the PS matrix and improved the char formation of PS composites. The results of real-time infrared spectrometry of PS composites, Fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray photoelectron analysis of the char layer indicated that modified AHPi has flame retardancy in condensed and gas phases.

Key words: Nanomaterials, Safety, Thermodynamic properties, Aluminum hypophosphite, Char formation mechanism

摘要： A phosphorus-containing flame retardant, aluminum hypophosphite (AHPi), has been modified by (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (KH550) to prepare flame-retardant polystyrene (PS). The influence of modified AHPi on the morphology and characterization was investigated, and differences in flame retardant properties of the PS/AHPi and PS/modified AHPi were compared. The PS composite can pass the vertical burning tests (UL-94 standard) with a V-0 rating when the mass content of modified AHPi reaches 20%, compared with the mass content of 25% AHPi. The element mapping of the PS composite shows that modified AHPi has better dispersion in PS than AHPi. Thermogravimetric analysis results indicated that adding modified AHPi can advance the initial decomposition temperature of the composite material. With the addition of modified AHPi, the decrease in peak heat release rate (pHRR) is more evident than AHPi, and the char yield of the resultant PS composites gradually increased. With the addition of 25% modified AHPi, the pHRR and total heat release of PS composites decreased by 81.4% and 37.6%. The modification of AHPi promoted its dispersion in the PS matrix and improved the char formation of PS composites. The results of real-time infrared spectrometry of PS composites, Fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray photoelectron analysis of the char layer indicated that modified AHPi has flame retardancy in condensed and gas phases.

关键词: Nanomaterials, Safety, Thermodynamic properties, Aluminum hypophosphite, Char formation mechanism

Wensheng Li, Liangyuan Qi, Daolin Ye, Wei Cai, Weiyi Xing. Facile modification of aluminum hypophosphate and its flame retardancy for polystyrene[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2023, 60(8): 90-98.

Wensheng Li, Liangyuan Qi, Daolin Ye, Wei Cai, Weiyi Xing. Facile modification of aluminum hypophosphate and its flame retardancy for polystyrene[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 60(8): 90-98.

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Facile modification of aluminum hypophosphate and its flame retardancy for polystyrene

Facile modification of aluminum hypophosphate and its flame retardancy for polystyrene

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