The operation of an ideal heat integrated dlstillation columan (HIDiC) is addressed .Five
Kinds of control configurations, i.e. single-loop control, multi-loop control,
multivariable internal model control (IMC), modified multlvariable internal model control
(MIMC) and nonlinear process model-based control (NPMC), are designed and applied to the
process. Simulation results demonstrate that all of the above control confaguratloam ere
valid for product quality control. NPMC control configuration is found to be the best one
among all the alternatives. It can readily realize setpoint transitions and conduct
effectively against external disturbance. MIMC control configuration ranks second in the
row for its regulatory responses to feed composition disturbances with relatively extended
setting time, Next comes from the multi-loop control configuration, which is moee or lees
handicapped by its greater deviations and overshootings. IMC control configuration can not
compete with the multi-loop control configuration because it is extremely sensitive to
operating condition changes. Single-ioop control configuration is the worst one among all
the mentioned control configurations. Its responses for the uncoutrolled end products are
extremely sluggish.

A new combined desulfarizatinn/denitraticon (DeSOx/DeNOx) procees was teeted in this study.
The procees uses the so-called powder-partlcle fluidized bed (PPFB) as the major reactor in
which a coarse DeNOx catalyst, several hundrsd micrometers in size, is fluidized by flue
gas as the fluidization medium particles while a contlnuogsly supplied fine DeSOx sorbent,
several to tens of micrometers in dianteter, is entrained with the flue gas. Ammonin for
NOx reduction is fed to the bottom of the bed, thus, SOx and NOx are simultaneously removed
in the single reactor.By adopting a model gas, SO2-NO-HaO-N2-air, to simulate actual flue
gas in a laboratory-scale PPFB, simultaneous SO2 and NO removals were explored with respect
to various gas components of fluegas. It was found that the vaxlations of SO2 removal with
concentrations (fractions) of oxygen, water vapor, SO2 and NO in flue gas are little
affected by the simultaneous NOx reduction. However,the dependencles of NO removal upon
such gas components are clveely related to the inter-actions between DeSOx sorbent and
DeNOx catalyst.

The discrepancy between pseudo-homogeneous one-dimensional model and peeudo-homogeneous
two-dimensional model is studied. It is found that there are great differences between two
models. This paper compares the maximum and minimum values of the radial temperature in
the hot spot in came that a single exothermic reaction is carried out, a correlation is
obtlioed with peeudo-homogeneous one-dimensional model to describe the entire reactor
behavier. A new runaway criterion, based on the occurrence of inflection in the hot spot
locus, is developed for the case of pseudo-homogeneous two-dimensional model. This
criterion predicts the maximum allowable temperature for safe operation and the regions of
runaway, respectively. The calculated results show that, compared with the results based on
pseudo-homogeneous one-dimensional model, runaway will easily occur when the radial
temperature gradient has to be considered.

A new kind of electrophoretic affinity chromatography (EAC) for bioseparation was
proposed,Separation by EAC was conducted in a multicompartment electrolyzer in which the
affinity gel media were packed in one of the central compartments.The presence of an
electric field accelerated the migration of proteins inside the gel matrix during
adsorption and descrption processes,This led to the increase of the overall speed of
separation,The present study was focused on the effect of the strength of the electric
field on adsorption and desorption processes.

The xanthan fermentation data in the stationary phase was analyzed using the black box and
the metabolic network models. The data consistency ls checked through the elemental balance
in the black box model. In the metabolic network model, the metabolic flux distribution in
the cell is calculated using the metabolic flux analysis method, then the maintenance
coefficients is calculated.

phase partition of acrylvnitrile in the vlnylidene chloride/water system at different
temperature and under pressure was studied, A calculation method for average VDC-AN
copolymer compeeition with AN phmm partition considered was proposed. The conversion
results are in good agreement with the experimental data nearly the entire conversion
rauge. VDC-AN copolymer with narrower composltion distribution can be prepared in the
suspension process and interpreted with dynamic equilibrium of AN between the oil and water
phases continuously.

On the basis of population balance a mathematical model is developed to describe the
formation of polymer partlcle in styrene suspension polymerization. The characteristics of
coalescence and breakage of droplets and the gel effect are analyzed in particular.
Parameters of the models are esthnztted by experimental. on reaction conversion and
particle size distributlon. The results show that the model is suitable for predicting
polymerization processes.

Variation of the surface adhesion force during the formation of octadecyl trichlororilane
(OTS) .self-assembled monolayer on a glass substrate surface was investigated hy atomic
force microscope (AFM). The research shows that the hydrophobicity and the adbeslon force
of the sample surface increases gradualy while the substrate surface is covered by OTS
molecules as the reaction proceeds. After 15 min reaction, a cloee-pac.ked and smooth OTS
self-assembled monolayer could from on the glass subetrate surface with an advancing
contact angle of 105° and an interfaeial energy of 55.79 mJ.m^-2.

plasma processes are among the emerging technologies for volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
sbatoment. Both thermal plasmas and non-equil[brimn plasmas (cold plasmas) are being
developed for VOCs clesnup. Particularly, pulsed corona discharges offer several edvantages
over conventional VOCs abatement tochniqvee, To optimize the existing technology and to
developit further, there is need to understand the mechanlsms involved in plasma chemical
reacticms, Furthermore, it is strongly desirable to be able to predict the behavior of new
VOCs in non-equillbrlum plasma enviromuent from the data known for a few representative
oompounds, Pulsed corona discharge technique is introduced here with dtafion of refevant
literature, Fundamental principfes,useful for predicting the VOCs’ decomposition behavior,
have been worked out from the published literature. Latest developments in the area,
targeted to minimize the enersy losses, improve the VOCs destruction efficiency and reduce
the generation of unwanted organic and inorganic by-products, are presented.