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SCI和EI收录∣中国化工学会会刊
本期目录
2003年 第11卷 第2期 刊出日期:2003-04-28
    RESEARCH PAPERS
    银杏内酯A和B的分离纯化研究
    韩金玉, 王华, 常贺英, 褚巧伟
    . 2003, 11(2):  125-129.  doi:
    摘要 ( )   PDF (1662KB) ( )  
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    In this paper, a simple preparative method for isolation and purification of ginkgolides A
    and B was developed. As starting material, a commercially available standardized ginkgo
    extract (EGb761, containing 24% flavonoid and 6% terpene trilactones) was used. After a
    pretreatment step, optimized by the uniform design method, the concentrated intermediate
    extract with high content of GA and GB (+90%) was separated into the individual terpenes by
    preparative liquid chromatography eluted with petroleum ether-ethylacetate. Analysis of
    products was carried out by means of HPLC-ELSD (evaporative light-scattering detector). The
    results show that ginkgolides A and B are obtained in higher yield and better purity.
    高纯度共轭亚油酸的规模化制备及其异构体的鉴定
    郭诤, 张根旺, 孙彦
    . 2003, 11(2):  130-135.  doi:
    摘要 ( )   PDF (2150KB) ( )  
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    Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a kind of fatty acid with physiological activities and
    potential application prospect. A synthesis method of conjugated linoleic acid and a
    purification technology were studied. CLA was prepared and purified by urea-complexation
    and conjugation using safflower oil as raw material. The purity of CLA and total recovery
    of the product was more than 95% and 48%, respectively. The main isomers produced in
    alkali-catalyzed conjugation were identified by gas chromatography (GC) linked to mass
    spectrometry (MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The total amount of
    the two main isomers (9cis, 11trans-and 10trans, 12cis-CLA) determined by GC was more than
    90% of the product.
    水/有机溶剂双相中固定化啤酒酵母细胞催化三甲基硅乙酮不对称还原
    娄文勇, 宗敏华, 范晓丹
    . 2003, 11(2):  136-140.  doi:
    摘要 ( )   PDF (1713KB) ( )  
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    Asymmetric synthesis of (-)-1-trimethylsilyl-ethanol with immobilized Saccharomyces
    cerevisiae cells in water/organic solvent biphasic system was studied. The effects of shake
    speed, hydrophobicity of organic solvent,volume ratio of water phase to organic phase, pH
    value of aqueous phase and reaction temperature on the initial reaction rate, maximum yield
    and enantiomeric excess (ee) of the product were systematically explored. All the above-
    mentioned factors had significant influence on the reaction. n-Hexane was found to be the
    best organic solvent for the reaction. The optimum shake speed, volume ratio of water phase
    to organic phase, pH value and reaction temperature were 150 r.min- 1, 1/2, 8 and 30℃
    respectively, under which the maximum yield and enantiomeric excess of the product were as
    high as 96.8% and 95.7%, which are 15% and 16% higher than those of the corresponding
    reaction performed in aqueous phase. To our best knowledge, this is the most satisfactory
    result obtained.
    球形纤维素-钛白粉复合基质的扩张床流体混合特性
    雷引林, 林东强, 姚善泾, 刘坐镇, 朱自强
    . 2003, 11(2):  141-145.  doi:
    摘要 ( )   PDF (1810KB) ( )  
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    Expanded bed adsorption (EBA) has been widely used in industrial downstream bioprocessing.
    Solid matrix is the principal pillar supporting the successful application of EBA. A novel
    spherical cellulose-titanium dioxide composite matrix was prepared through the method of
    water-in-oil suspension thermal regeneration. Its typical physical properties were wet
    density 1.18g.cm-3, diameters in the range of 100-300μm, porosity 85.5%,and water content
    72.3%. Expansion characteristics and liquid mixing performance of the matrix in expanded
    bed were investigated using water and 10% (by mass) glycerol solution as mobile phases. The
    results indicate that the custom-assembled matrix has a stable flow hydrodynamics and
    exhibits the same degree of liquid-phase mixing or column efficiency as the commercially
    available Streamline adsorbent.
    微电解-生物膜复合工艺净化含重金属离子的有机废水
    李天成, 姜斌, 冯霞, 王大为, 袁绍军, 李鑫钢
    . 2003, 11(2):  146-150.  doi:
    摘要 ( )   PDF (1519KB) ( )  
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    A complex process of micro electrolysis and biofilm was developed to continuously treat
    organic wastewaters containing heavy metal ions such as Cu2+ and Cr3+, and the relevant
    purifying mechanism was also addressed. In detail, organic materials in wastewater could be
    consumed as nutritious source by biofilm composed of aerobes and anaerobes. However, for
    heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Cr3+), part was removed by electrodeposition, and some was adsorbed
    on biofilm. In order to compare with the combined process of micro electrolysis and
    biofilm, the experimental data of micro electrolysis process (intermittent) or biofilm
    process (continuous) were provided, and the kinetic data of C6H12O6 (glucose)
    biodegradation by cultured microbes or acclimated microbes were also obtained. These
    experimental results indicated that for wastewater initially consisted of C6H12O6 (500mg.
    L-1), Cu2+ and Cr3+ (10mg. L-1), after treatment, its concentrations of C6H12O6, Cu2+ and
    Cr3+ were lowered to the level of 55-65 mg.L-1, and less than 1 mg.L-1, respectively. And
    the industrial reused water standards could be met by treated wastewater.
    基质穿膜作用对苯酚生物降解动力学的影响
    冀秀玲, 张金利, 李(韦华), 韩振亭, 王一平
    . 2003, 11(2):  151-155.  doi:
    摘要 ( )   PDF (1578KB) ( )  
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    Based on the theory of substrate permeation through the cytoplasmic membrane, and
    considering the effect of initial concentration of substrate, a new kinetic model of phenol
    degradation process was proposed. Comparing with the widely used Haldane model, which is
    greatly dependent on the initial phenol concentration, our model can be used to simulate
    the phenol degradation process in a wide range of initial phenol concentration by using
    only one set of model parameters. Therefore, this new kinetic model has much more potential
    applications to industrial design and operation.
    用于脱除C5及MTBE中甲醇的渗透汽化膜研究
    张林, 陈欢林, 周志军, 钱锦文, 高从堦, 潘祖仁
    . 2003, 11(2):  156-161.  doi:
    摘要 ( )   PDF (2038KB) ( )  
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    Several pervaporation membranes, cellulose acetate (CA), polyvinylbutyral (PVB), poly(MMA-
    co-AA),MMA-AA-BA, CA/PVB blend and CA/poly(MMA-co-AA) blend, were prepared, and their
    pervaporation properties were evaluated by separation of methanol/C5 or methanol/MTBE
    (methyl tert-butyl ether). The results shows that the CA composite membrane has a high
    separation performance (flux Jmethanol = 350 g.m-2.h-1 and separation factor α>400) for
    methanol/C5 mixtures, and the pervaporation characteristics of MMA-AA-BA copolymer
    membranes changes with the ratio of copolymer. For CA/poly(MMA-co-AA) blend membrane, the
    pervaporation performance is improved in comparison with CA or poly(MMA-co-AA) membrane.
    From the experiment of CA/PVB blend membranes for methanol/MTBE mixture, it is found that
    the compatibility of blends may affect the separation features of blend membrane.
    用人工神经网络方法预测鼓泡塔气含率
    吴元欣, 罗湘华, 陈启明, 李定或, 李世荣, M.H. Al-Dahhan, M.P. Dudukovic
    . 2003, 11(2):  162-165.  doi:
    摘要 ( )   PDF (1259KB) ( )  
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    A new correlation for the prediction of gas hold up in bubble columns was proposed based on
    an extensive experimental database set up from the literature published over last 30 years.
    The updated estimation method relying on artificial neural network, dimensional analysis
    and phenomenological approaches was used and the model prediction agreed with the
    experimental data with average relative error less than 10%.
    丙烯腈与N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮在H2O/DMSO混合试剂中共聚反应动力学研究
    陈厚, 王成国, 梁英, 蔡华甦
    . 2003, 11(2):  166-169.  doi:
    摘要 ( )   PDF (1179KB) ( )  
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    Kinetics of copolymerization of acrylonitrile(AN) with N-vinylpyrrolidone(NVP) initiated by
    azodiisobutyronitrile(AIBN) was investigated in H2O/dimethyl sulphoxide(DMSO) mixture
    between 50℃ and 70℃ under N2 atmosphere. The rate of copolymerization and particle size
    were measured respectively. The kinetic equation 0.651±0.123 1.59±0.35 1.17±0.14of
    copolymerization system is obtained as Rp ∝ cAIBN cAN cNVP at 60℃. The overall activation
    energy for copolymerization system was computed as 87.3 kJ.mol-1. Effect of additives of
    hydroquinone and dioxane on copolymerization was discussed. The polymerization is retarded
    by hydroquinone and accelerated by dioxane, which confirms the free radical
    copolymerization of AN with NVP.
    二氧化钛(金红石)和六钛酸钾晶体的分子动力学模拟
    朱宇, 王俊, 陆小华, 王延儒, 时钧
    . 2003, 11(2):  170-174.  doi:
    摘要 ( )   PDF (1637KB) ( )  
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    This paper presents the results of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation on the rutile
    titanium dioxide and potassium hexatitanate (K2O.6TiO2 or K2Ti6O13) crystal. The
    interaction of atoms is described by two-body central force interatomic potential, which
    includes Coulombic term, Gilbert-type repulsion term, van der Waals term and Morse-type
    potential. The optimized crystal structure of rutile TiO2 is in very good agreement with
    the experimental data in the literature. The present MD simulation also gives several
    physical properties, including volume thermal expansivity and elastic bulk modulus.
    1,2-丙二醇水溶液在不同温度下的超额摩尔体积黏度和热容
    杨长生, 马沛生, 唐多强, 靳凤民
    . 2003, 11(2):  175-180.  doi:
    摘要 ( )   PDF (2077KB) ( )  
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    Experimental densities, viscosities and heat capacities at different temperatures were
    presented over the entire mole fraction range for the binary mixture of 1,2-propanediol and
    water. Density values were used in the determination of excess molar volumes, VE. At the
    same time, the excess viscosity was investigated. The values of VE and ηE were fitted to
    the Redlich-Kister equation. Good agreement was observed. The excess volumes are negative
    over the entire range of composition. They show an U-shaped-concentration dependence and
    decrease in absolute values with increase of temperature. Values of ηE are negative over
    the entire range of the composition, and has a trend very similar to that of VE . The
    analysis shows that at any temperature the specific heat of mixture is a linear function of
    the composition as x1>20%. All the extended lines intersect at one point. An empirical
    equation is obtained to calculate the specific heat to mixture at any composition and
    temperature in the experimental range.
    超(亚)临界CO2中涂料基体的相行为研究
    曹维良, 徐金龙, 张敬畅
    . 2003, 11(2):  181-184.  doi:
    摘要 ( )   PDF (1398KB) ( )  
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    The high-pressure phase behavior of coating-solvent-supercritical or sub-critical carbon
    dioxide system was investigated experimentally. The coating matrix used was 108-acrylic
    resin at concentration ranging from 10% to 50% (by mass) in mixtures with n-butyl acetate.
    The experiments were conducted in a high-pressure view cell for temperatures from 35℃ to
    65℃ and for pressures from 3.0 MPa to 8.0 MPa. The effect of temperature, pressure and
    content of every component on the phase behavior of the systems was observed. Finally, the
    ternary phase diagram for resin-solvent-CO2 was plotted.
    L-抗坏血酸在葡萄糖和蔗糖溶液中的黏度及其热力学性质的研究
    赵长伟, 马沛生
    . 2003, 11(2):  185-190.  doi:
    摘要 ( )   PDF (1648KB) ( )  
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    Viscosities and densities at several temperatures from 293.15 K to 313.15 K are reported
    for L-ascorbic acid in aqueous glucose and sucrose solutions at different concentrations.
    The parameters of density, viscosity coefficient B and partial molar volume are calculated
    by regression. The experimental results show that densities and viscosities decrease as
    temperature increases at the same solute and solvent (glucose and sucrose aqueous solution)
    concentrations, and increase with concentration of glucose and sucrose at the same solute
    concentration and temperature. B increases with concentration of glucose and sucrose and
    temperature. L-ascorbic acid is structure-breaker or structure-making for the glucose and
    sucrose aqueous solutions. Furthermore, the solute-solvent interactions in ternary systems
    of water-glucose-electrolyte and water-sucrose-electrolyte are discussed.
    REVIEWS
    多变量统计过程监控:进展及其在化学工业的应用
    梁军, 钱积新
    . 2003, 11(2):  191-203.  doi:
    摘要 ( )   PDF (5633KB) ( )  
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    Multivariate statistical process monitoring and control (MSPM&C) methods for chemical
    process monitoring with statistical projection techniques such as principal component
    analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) are surveyed in this paper. The four-step
    procedure of performing MSPM&C for chemical process, modeling of processes, detecting
    abnormal events or faults, identifying the variable(s) responsible for the faults and
    diagnosing the source cause for the abnormal behavior, is analyzed. Several main research
    directions of MSPM&C reported in the literature are discussed, such as multi-way principal
    component analysis (MPCA) for batch process, statistical monitoring and control for
    nonlinear process, dynamic PCA and dynamic PLS, and on-line quality control by inferential
    models. Industrial applications of MSPM&C to several typical chemical processes, such as
    chemical reactor, distillation column, polymerization process, petroleum refinery units,
    are summarized. Finally, some concluding remarks and future considerations are made.
    RESEARCH NOTES
    搅拌槽内温度对气含率的影响
    高正明, 施力田
    . 2003, 11(2):  204-207.  doi:
    摘要 ( )   PDF (1112KB) ( )  
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    Gas holdups in ambient gassed and hot sparged systems with multiple modern impellers and
    the effect of temperature on gas holdup are reported. The operating temperature has a great
    impact on gas holdup though the gas dispersion regime in the hot sparged system is similar
    to the ambient gassed condition. The gas holdup under the elevated temperature and the
    ambient gassed operation is successfully correlated. With the same total gas flow rate and
    power input, the gas holdup in the hot sparged system (say near the boiling point) is only
    about half of that in the ambient system. The results imply that almost all existing hot
    sparged reactors have been designed on the basis of incorrect estimates of the gas holdup
    during operation.
    超临界水中NaCl无限稀释扩散系数的研究
    肖吉, 陆九芳, 陈健, 李以圭
    . 2003, 11(2):  208-212.  doi:
    摘要 ( )   PDF (1370KB) ( )  
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    The molecular dynamics (MD) was employed to simulate the diffusion coefficient of sodium
    chloride at infinite dilution in supercritical water from 703.2 K to 763.2 K and from 30
    MPa to 45 MPa. Based on the simulated data and the Patel-Teja(PT) equation of state and the
    Liu-Ruckenstein equation, an equation for calculating the diffusion coefficient of NaCl at
    infinite dilution in supercritical water is proposed. Both the agreement between the
    simulated and correlated data, and that between the simulated and predicted data of
    diffusion coefficients for NaCl in supercritical water ranging from 703.2 K to 803.2 K and
    from 25 MPa to 50 MPa show that this equation is applicable for the calculation of
    diffusion coefficients.
    甲基二氯硅烷-甲基乙烯基二氯硅烷-甲苯三元体系等压汽液平衡
    余淑娴, 余祖兵, 邱祖民, 孙(韦华)
    . 2003, 11(2):  213-216.  doi:
    摘要 ( )   PDF (1212KB) ( )  
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    Vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) for a ternary system of methyldichlorosilane +
    methylvinyldichlorosi-lane + toluene and constituent binary systems were measured at
    101.3kPa using a new type of magnetical pump-ebulliometer. The equilibrium compositions of
    the vapor phase of binary systems were calculated indirectly fromthe total pressure-
    temperature-liquid composition (pTx). The experimental data were correlated with the
    Wilsonand NRTL(non-random two liquid) equations. The parameters of the Wilson model were
    employed to predict theternary VLE data. The calculated boiling points were in good
    agreement with the experimental ones.
    表面活性剂包衣Candida rugosa脂肪酶在异辛烷中的稳定性
    宋宝东, 邢爱华, 吴金川, 王世昌,
    . 2003, 11(2):  217-219.  doi:
    摘要 ( )   PDF (889KB) ( )  
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    The stability of Candida rugosa lipase coated with glutamic acid didodecyl ester ribitol
    amide was investigated taking esterification of lauryl alcohol and lauric acid in isooctane
    as a model reaction. At 30℃, the half-life of the activity of the coated lipase was ca 10
    h, the enzyme activity became less changed after 12 h and the residual activity was 39% of
    the initial value. The coated lipase obeyed a first-order deactivation model with a
    deactivation energy of 29.9 J.mol-1.
    Ralstonia eutropha批式流加培养生产羟基丁酸-丙酸混合聚酯中丙酸进料优化研究
    Longan SHANG, Jin Hwan DO, 范代娣, 姜岷, Ho Nam CHANG
    . 2003, 11(2):  220-223.  doi:
    摘要 ( )   PDF (1503KB) ( )  
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    The feeding method of propionic acid for production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydro
    xyvalerate) [P(3HB-co-3HV)] by fed-batch culture of Ralstonia eutropha was optimized to
    achieve high cell density and high 3HV yield. Effects of different feeding strategies of
    propionic acid on the production of P(3HB-co-3HV) were investigated. A decline of specific
    synthesis rate of copolymer and the yield of 3HV unit from propionic acid were observed due
    to the propionic acid accumulation in culture broth when the feeding solution with high
    P/G(propionic acid to glucose) ratio was employed. It was further confirmed by controlling
    propionic acid concentration at a low level in the separate feeding of propionic acid. An
    optimal feeding strategy was demonstrated to reduce the propionic acid accumulation. The
    cell concentration, P(3HB-co-3HV) productivity and 3HV unit fraction reached to 163.9 kg.m
    -3,1.8 kg.m-3.h-1, and 10.6%(by mass), respectively, resulting in a yield of 0.33 g HV per
    g propionic acid.
    有机溶剂原位萃取法提高悬浮培养中国红豆杉细胞紫杉醇产量
    未作君, 元英进, 吴兆亮, 吴金川
    . 2003, 11(2):  224-226.  doi:
    摘要 ( )   PDF (1005KB) ( )  
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    The production of paclitaxel from suspension culture of Taxus chinensis var. maireiwas
    improved by in situ extraction with organic solvents to avoid feedback repression and
    product degradation. Oleic acid and dibutyl phthalate were proved to be suitable solvents.
    The optimal volumetric percentage of organic solvents in the culture medium was found to be
    around 8%, and the favorable time for their introduction was at the exponential phase of
    cell growth. Paclitaxel production with the in situ extraction was ca 3-fold of that
    without extraction.
    吸收过程的界面传质机理
    马友光, 冯惠生, 徐世昌, 余国琮
    . 2003, 11(2):  227-230.  doi:
    摘要 ( )   PDF (1157KB) ( )  
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    Based on the method of molecular thermodynamics, the mass transfer mechanism at gas-liquid
    interface is studied theoretically, and a new mathematical model is proposed. Using laser
    holographic interference technique, the hydrodynamics and mass transfer characteristics of
    CO2 absorption are measured. It is shown that the calculated results are in good agreement
    with the experimental data.
    微波辅助萃取中药刺五加中有效成分的研究
    王娟, 沈平孃, 沈永嘉
    . 2003, 11(2):  231-233.  doi:
    摘要 ( )   PDF (908KB) ( )  
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    Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) for active ingredients in Ciwujia was studied by using
    ethanol as the extractant. Comparing MAE with conventional methods, the former can save the
    extracting time and increase the content of the active ingredients in product. As to the
    operation in MAE, the continuous radiation process is more convenient for the extraction
    for traditional Chinese medicine than the intermittent radiation process. Optimized by
    uniform design, MAE was proved to be an effective and novel process for extracting active
    ingredients in Ciwujia. The optimized MAE conditions are as follows: the microwave power is
    510 W, the radiation time 30 min, the alcohol concentration at 80%, the ratio of solvent to
    solid material being 5:1, the soaking time 0.5h, and the herbal particle size is (520 ±
    19)μm.
    模拟移动床色谱手性分离过程的非线性非理想模型
    卢建刚
    . 2003, 11(2):  234-239.  doi:
    摘要 ( )   PDF (1808KB) ( )  
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    A non-linear non-ideal model, taking into account non-linear competitive isotherms, axial
    dispersion, film mass transfer, intraparticle diffusion, and port periodic switching, was
    developed to simulate the dynamics of simulated moving bed chromatography (SMBC). The model
    equations were solved by a new efficient numerical technique of orthogonal collocation on
    finite elements with periodical movement of concentration vector. The simulated SMBC
    performance is in accordance with the experimental results reported in the literature for
    separation of 1,1’-bi-2-naphthol enantiomers using SMBC. This model is useful for design,
    operation, optimization and scale-up of non-linear SMBC for chiral separations with
    significant non-ideal effects, especially for high solute concentration and small
    intraparticle diffusion coefficient or large chiral stationary phase particle.
    融化过程中作为潜能储存材料的月桂酸的热特性的实验研究
    Ahmet SARI
    . 2003, 11(2):  240-243.  doi:
    摘要 ( )   PDF (1184KB) ( )  
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    The objective of this study was to establish the thermal characteristics of the lauric acid
    (95% purity) as a latent heat storage material filled in the annulus of vertical concentric
    double pipe during its melting process. The temperature data were used to determine the
    thermal characteristics, including the temporal temperature variations and the effects of
    the mass flow rate and the inlet temperature of the heat transfer fluid on the heat
    transfer coefficient and the heat charging fraction during the melting process. The results
    indicated that the time to reach to heat charging fraction of 1.0 could be altered by
    changing the mass flow rate and the inlet temperature of the heat transfer fluid.