Extraction of potassium from K-feldspar via the CaCl2 calcination route

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2015.06.012

Abstract

Abstract: The extraction of potassiumfrom K-feldspar via a calcium chloride calcination route was studied with a focus on the effects of the calcination atmosphere, calcination temperature and time,mass ratio of CaCl₂ to K-feldspar ore and particle size of the K-feldspar ore. The results demonstrated that a competing high-temperature hydrolysis reaction of calcium chloride with moisture in a damp atmosphere occurred concurrently with the conversion reaction of K-feldspar with CaCl₂, thus reducing the amount of potassium extracted. The conversion reaction started at approximately 600 ℃ and accelerated with increasing temperature. When the temperature rose above 900 ℃, the extraction of potassium gradually decreased due to the volatilization of the product, KCl. As much as approximately 41% of the potassium was volatilized in 40 min at 1100 ℃. The mass ratio of CaCl₂/ K-feldspar ore significantly affected the extraction. At a mass ratio of 1.15 and 900 ℃, the potassium extraction reached 91% in 40 min, while the extractionwas reduced to only 22% at the theoreticalmass ratio of 0.2. Optimal process conditions are as follows: ore particle size of 50-75 μm, tablet forming pressure of 3 MPa, dry nitrogen atmosphere, mass ratio of CaCl₂/ore 1.15:1, calcination temperature of 900 ℃, and calcination time of 40 min. The XRD analysis revealed that a complex phase transition of the product SiO₂was also accompanied by the conversion reaction of K-feldspar/CaCl₂. The SiO₂ product formed at the initial stagewas in the quartz phase at 900 ℃ and was gradually transformed into cristobalite after 30 min.

Key words: K-feldspar, Calcium chloride, Potassium extraction, Calcination

摘要： The extraction of potassiumfrom K-feldspar via a calcium chloride calcination route was studied with a focus on the effects of the calcination atmosphere, calcination temperature and time,mass ratio of CaCl₂ to K-feldspar ore and particle size of the K-feldspar ore. The results demonstrated that a competing high-temperature hydrolysis reaction of calcium chloride with moisture in a damp atmosphere occurred concurrently with the conversion reaction of K-feldspar with CaCl₂, thus reducing the amount of potassium extracted. The conversion reaction started at approximately 600 ℃ and accelerated with increasing temperature. When the temperature rose above 900 ℃, the extraction of potassium gradually decreased due to the volatilization of the product, KCl. As much as approximately 41% of the potassium was volatilized in 40 min at 1100 ℃. The mass ratio of CaCl₂/ K-feldspar ore significantly affected the extraction. At a mass ratio of 1.15 and 900 ℃, the potassium extraction reached 91% in 40 min, while the extractionwas reduced to only 22% at the theoreticalmass ratio of 0.2. Optimal process conditions are as follows: ore particle size of 50-75 μm, tablet forming pressure of 3 MPa, dry nitrogen atmosphere, mass ratio of CaCl₂/ore 1.15:1, calcination temperature of 900 ℃, and calcination time of 40 min. The XRD analysis revealed that a complex phase transition of the product SiO₂was also accompanied by the conversion reaction of K-feldspar/CaCl₂. The SiO₂ product formed at the initial stagewas in the quartz phase at 900 ℃ and was gradually transformed into cristobalite after 30 min.

关键词: K-feldspar, Calcium chloride, Potassium extraction, Calcination

Bo Yuan, Chun Li, Bin Liang, Li Lü, Hairong Yue, Haoyi Sheng, Longpo Ye, Heping Xie. Extraction of potassium from K-feldspar via the CaCl₂ calcination route[J]. , 2015, 23(9): 1557-1564.

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Extraction of potassium from K-feldspar via the CaCl₂ calcination route

Extraction of potassium from K-feldspar via the CaCl₂ calcination route

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