Experimental analysis of internal flow and spray characteristics of flow focusing/blurring nozzle

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2025.03.002

Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering ›› 2025, Vol. 83 ›› Issue (7): 111-124.DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2025.03.002

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Experimental analysis of internal flow and spray characteristics of flow focusing/blurring nozzle

Jin Zhao¹, Zhi Ning², Ming Lv², Xu He¹

1 School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;
2 School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China

Received:2024-12-14 Revised:2025-02-28 Accepted:2025-03-03 Online:2025-07-28 Published:2025-07-28
Contact: Jin Zhao,E-mail:7520220048@bit.edu.cn;Xu He,E-mail:hhexxu@bit.edu.cn
Supported by:
This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52276026).

Experimental analysis of internal flow and spray characteristics of flow focusing/blurring nozzle

Jin Zhao¹, Zhi Ning², Ming Lv², Xu He¹

1 School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;
2 School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China

通讯作者: Jin Zhao,E-mail:7520220048@bit.edu.cn;Xu He,E-mail:hhexxu@bit.edu.cn
基金资助:
This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52276026).

Abstract

Abstract: This study utilizes a visualization nozzle and spray experimental platform to experimentally investigate the flow focusing/blurring nozzle. It is found that the working mode of the nozzle transitions from flow focusing to flow transition and eventually to flow blurring as the gas flow rate increases or the tube hole distance decreases. Conversely, an increase in liquid flow rate only facilitates the transition from flow focusing to flow transition. Changes in the gas/liquid flow rate or tube hole distance influence the gas shear effect and the gas inertial impact effect inside the nozzle, which in turn alters the working mode. An increase in gas flow rate results in a shift of the droplet size distribution towards smaller particle sizes in the flow blurring mode, whereas an increase in liquid flow rate produces the opposite effect. Notably, the impact of the gas flow rate on these changes is more pronounced than that of the liquid flow rate.

Key words: Flow focusing/blurring nozzle, Working mode, Gaseliquid flow, Multiphase flow, Particle size distribution

摘要： This study utilizes a visualization nozzle and spray experimental platform to experimentally investigate the flow focusing/blurring nozzle. It is found that the working mode of the nozzle transitions from flow focusing to flow transition and eventually to flow blurring as the gas flow rate increases or the tube hole distance decreases. Conversely, an increase in liquid flow rate only facilitates the transition from flow focusing to flow transition. Changes in the gas/liquid flow rate or tube hole distance influence the gas shear effect and the gas inertial impact effect inside the nozzle, which in turn alters the working mode. An increase in gas flow rate results in a shift of the droplet size distribution towards smaller particle sizes in the flow blurring mode, whereas an increase in liquid flow rate produces the opposite effect. Notably, the impact of the gas flow rate on these changes is more pronounced than that of the liquid flow rate.

关键词: Flow focusing/blurring nozzle, Working mode, Gaseliquid flow, Multiphase flow, Particle size distribution

Jin Zhao, Zhi Ning, Ming Lv, Xu He. Experimental analysis of internal flow and spray characteristics of flow focusing/blurring nozzle[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2025, 83(7): 111-124.

Jin Zhao, Zhi Ning, Ming Lv, Xu He. Experimental analysis of internal flow and spray characteristics of flow focusing/blurring nozzle[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2025, 83(7): 111-124.

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Experimental analysis of internal flow and spray characteristics of flow focusing/blurring nozzle

Experimental analysis of internal flow and spray characteristics of flow focusing/blurring nozzle

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