Amorphous and humidity caking: A review

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2019.02.004

Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (6): 1429-1438.DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2019.02.004

• Special Issue: Separation Process Intensification of Chemical Engineering • Previous Articles Next Articles

Amorphous and humidity caking: A review

Mingyang Chen¹, Dejiang Zhang¹, Weibing Dong^1,2, Zhilong Luo³, Chao Kang³, Haichao Li², Gang Wang², Junbo Gong^1,4,5

1 School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;;
2 College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, QingHai Nationalities University, Xining 810007, China;;
3 Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710000, China;;
4 Key Laboratory Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency in Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;;
5 The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin 300072, China

Received:2018-06-25 Revised:2018-12-21 Online:2019-08-19 Published:2019-06-28
Contact: Junbo Gong
Supported by:
The authors are grateful to the financial support of Major National Science and Technology Projects (2017ZX07402003), Innovative Group Project 21621004 and Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment (NO.2015ZX07202-013).

Amorphous and humidity caking: A review

Mingyang Chen¹, Dejiang Zhang¹, Weibing Dong^1,2, Zhilong Luo³, Chao Kang³, Haichao Li², Gang Wang², Junbo Gong^1,4,5

1 School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;;
2 College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, QingHai Nationalities University, Xining 810007, China;;
3 Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710000, China;;
4 Key Laboratory Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency in Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;;
5 The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin 300072, China

通讯作者: Junbo Gong
基金资助:
The authors are grateful to the financial support of Major National Science and Technology Projects (2017ZX07402003), Innovative Group Project 21621004 and Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment (NO.2015ZX07202-013).

Abstract

Abstract: Caking of products is a common and undesired phenomenon in food, chemical, pharmaceutical, and fertilizer industries which leads to extra cost and irregular quality. In general, caking processes could be identified as amorphous caking or humidity caking. In this review, history of studying caking, formation, methods, and prospects of these two caking processes are summarized and discussed. The relevant studies from the 1920s to today are mentioned briefly. According to the different properties (i.e. hygrocapacity, hygrosensitivity, mechanical properties, and diffusion behavior) of amorphous powders and crystals, the conditions and mechanisms of amorphous and humidity caking are discussed. It is summarized that glass transition, moisture sorption, quantitative methods characterizing caking, accelerated caking tests, and simulation of caking behaviors are the main aspects that should be studied for a caking process. The methods for these five aspects are reviewed. Potential research points are proposed including caking of mixed particles, caking with phase transition or polymorph transition, non-homogenous caking, and simulation of caking.

Key words: Agglomeration, Particle, Powder technology, Amorphous caking, Humidity caking

摘要： Caking of products is a common and undesired phenomenon in food, chemical, pharmaceutical, and fertilizer industries which leads to extra cost and irregular quality. In general, caking processes could be identified as amorphous caking or humidity caking. In this review, history of studying caking, formation, methods, and prospects of these two caking processes are summarized and discussed. The relevant studies from the 1920s to today are mentioned briefly. According to the different properties (i.e. hygrocapacity, hygrosensitivity, mechanical properties, and diffusion behavior) of amorphous powders and crystals, the conditions and mechanisms of amorphous and humidity caking are discussed. It is summarized that glass transition, moisture sorption, quantitative methods characterizing caking, accelerated caking tests, and simulation of caking behaviors are the main aspects that should be studied for a caking process. The methods for these five aspects are reviewed. Potential research points are proposed including caking of mixed particles, caking with phase transition or polymorph transition, non-homogenous caking, and simulation of caking.

关键词: Agglomeration, Particle, Powder technology, Amorphous caking, Humidity caking

Mingyang Chen, Dejiang Zhang, Weibing Dong, Zhilong Luo, Chao Kang, Haichao Li, Gang Wang, Junbo Gong. Amorphous and humidity caking: A review[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2019, 27(6): 1429-1438.

Mingyang Chen, Dejiang Zhang, Weibing Dong, Zhilong Luo, Chao Kang, Haichao Li, Gang Wang, Junbo Gong. Amorphous and humidity caking: A review[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2019, 27(6): 1429-1438.

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Amorphous and humidity caking: A review

Amorphous and humidity caking: A review

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