A novel high-efficient P/N/Si-containing APP-based flame retardant with a silane coupling agent in its molecular structure for epoxy resin

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2022.06.004

Abstract

Abstract: A flame retardant containing multiple antiflaming elements usually exhibits high-efficient flame retardancy. Here, a novel P/N/Si-containing ammonium polyphosphate derivative (APTES-APP) is synthesized from ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and silane coupling agent (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) via cation exchange, which is quite different in the chemical structure from APTES-modified APP for retaining silicon hydroxyls. APTES-APP is highly efficient for the epoxy resin. 8% (mass) APTES-APP imparts excellent flame retardancy to the epoxy resin, with a V-0 rating at the UL-94 test (1.6 mm) and an LOI value of 26% (vol). The peak heat release rate and total smoke production of the flame-retardant epoxy resin are decreased by 68.1% and 31.3%, respectively. The synergy of P/N/Si contributes to the well-expanded char residue with a strong and dense surface layer, which is a very good barrier against heat and mass transfer. Besides, there is no significant deterioration in the mechanical properties of flame-retardant epoxy resin thanks to silicon hydroxyls forming hydrogen bonds with epoxy molecules. Meanwhile, other molecules can be grafted onto APTES-APP via these silicon hydroxyls, if needed. Briefly, this work has developed a new strategy for amino silane as flame retardants. In conjunction with a low-cost and simple preparation method, APTES-APP has a promising prospect in the high-performance flame-retardant epoxy.

Key words: Ammonium polyphosphate, Silane coupling agent, All-in-one system, Flame retardancy, Epoxy resin

摘要： A flame retardant containing multiple antiflaming elements usually exhibits high-efficient flame retardancy. Here, a novel P/N/Si-containing ammonium polyphosphate derivative (APTES-APP) is synthesized from ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and silane coupling agent (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) via cation exchange, which is quite different in the chemical structure from APTES-modified APP for retaining silicon hydroxyls. APTES-APP is highly efficient for the epoxy resin. 8% (mass) APTES-APP imparts excellent flame retardancy to the epoxy resin, with a V-0 rating at the UL-94 test (1.6 mm) and an LOI value of 26% (vol). The peak heat release rate and total smoke production of the flame-retardant epoxy resin are decreased by 68.1% and 31.3%, respectively. The synergy of P/N/Si contributes to the well-expanded char residue with a strong and dense surface layer, which is a very good barrier against heat and mass transfer. Besides, there is no significant deterioration in the mechanical properties of flame-retardant epoxy resin thanks to silicon hydroxyls forming hydrogen bonds with epoxy molecules. Meanwhile, other molecules can be grafted onto APTES-APP via these silicon hydroxyls, if needed. Briefly, this work has developed a new strategy for amino silane as flame retardants. In conjunction with a low-cost and simple preparation method, APTES-APP has a promising prospect in the high-performance flame-retardant epoxy.

关键词: Ammonium polyphosphate, Silane coupling agent, All-in-one system, Flame retardancy, Epoxy resin

Qiang Sun, Jinlei Wang, Xue Meng, Jie Zhang, Hong Yan. A novel high-efficient P/N/Si-containing APP-based flame retardant with a silane coupling agent in its molecular structure for epoxy resin[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2023, 55(3): 137-147.

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