Multiple factors influencing high-purity indium electrolytic refining

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2024.04.014

Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering ›› 2024, Vol. 71 ›› Issue (7): 148-160.DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2024.04.014

Multiple factors influencing high-purity indium electrolytic refining

Hong-Qiang Fan^1,2, Fei Li^1,2, Hong-Xing Zheng^1,2, Wu-ji Pan^1,2, Mei-Zhen Wu³, Yashar Behnamian⁴, Ju-Bo Peng³, Dong-Hai Lin⁵

1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China;
2. Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Integrated Circuits and Advanced Display Materials, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China;
3. Research & Development Center, Yunnan Tin Group (Holding) Limited Company, Kunming 650032, China;
4. Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2V4, Alberta, Canada;
5. School of Energy and Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Engineering Materials Application and Evaluation, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China

Received:2023-12-20 Revised:2024-04-23 Online:2024-08-30 Published:2024-07-28
Contact: Hong-Qiang Fan,E-mail:fhg21@shu.edu.cn;Ju-Bo Peng,E-mail:1367558560@qq.com;Dong-Hai Lin,E-mail:dhlin@sspu.eu.cn
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52074180), the Science and Technology Major Project of Yunnan Province (202302AB080020), the Independent Research Project of State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy, Shanghai University (SKLASS 2023-Z07), the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (19DZ2270200) and the Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at SIHL, Shanghai Sailing Program (19YF1416500).

Multiple factors influencing high-purity indium electrolytic refining

Hong-Qiang Fan^1,2, Fei Li^1,2, Hong-Xing Zheng^1,2, Wu-ji Pan^1,2, Mei-Zhen Wu³, Yashar Behnamian⁴, Ju-Bo Peng³, Dong-Hai Lin⁵

1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China;
2. Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Integrated Circuits and Advanced Display Materials, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China;
3. Research & Development Center, Yunnan Tin Group (Holding) Limited Company, Kunming 650032, China;
4. Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2V4, Alberta, Canada;
5. School of Energy and Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Engineering Materials Application and Evaluation, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China

通讯作者: Hong-Qiang Fan,E-mail:fhg21@shu.edu.cn;Ju-Bo Peng,E-mail:1367558560@qq.com;Dong-Hai Lin,E-mail:dhlin@sspu.eu.cn
基金资助:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52074180), the Science and Technology Major Project of Yunnan Province (202302AB080020), the Independent Research Project of State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy, Shanghai University (SKLASS 2023-Z07), the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (19DZ2270200) and the Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at SIHL, Shanghai Sailing Program (19YF1416500).

Abstract

Abstract: The effects of various contaminants in the electrolytic refinement of indium were investigated using a glow discharge mass spectrometer (GDMS). The effects of several factors such as the indium ion (In³⁺) concentration, the sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration, the current density, the gelatin concentration, the pH, and the electrode distance, were examined. Significant variations in impurity levels concerning gelatin concentration were observed. Both the gelatin and In³⁺ concentration were moderately positively correlated with the Pb content. The Sb concentration was associated positively with the NaCl concentration, while the Ti concentration had an adverse correlation with the NaCl concentration. The Bi element content was positively linked to the electrode distance. As the current density increased, Cu, Pb, and Bi impurities initially rose and then eventually declined. Notably, a critical current density of 45 A·m^-2 was identified in this behavior.

Key words: High-purity indium, Electrolysis, Multiple factors, Electrochemistry, Purification

摘要： The effects of various contaminants in the electrolytic refinement of indium were investigated using a glow discharge mass spectrometer (GDMS). The effects of several factors such as the indium ion (In³⁺) concentration, the sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration, the current density, the gelatin concentration, the pH, and the electrode distance, were examined. Significant variations in impurity levels concerning gelatin concentration were observed. Both the gelatin and In³⁺ concentration were moderately positively correlated with the Pb content. The Sb concentration was associated positively with the NaCl concentration, while the Ti concentration had an adverse correlation with the NaCl concentration. The Bi element content was positively linked to the electrode distance. As the current density increased, Cu, Pb, and Bi impurities initially rose and then eventually declined. Notably, a critical current density of 45 A·m^-2 was identified in this behavior.

关键词: High-purity indium, Electrolysis, Multiple factors, Electrochemistry, Purification

Hong-Qiang Fan, Fei Li, Hong-Xing Zheng, Wu-ji Pan, Mei-Zhen Wu, Yashar Behnamian, Ju-Bo Peng, Dong-Hai Lin. Multiple factors influencing high-purity indium electrolytic refining[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2024, 71(7): 148-160.

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Multiple factors influencing high-purity indium electrolytic refining

Multiple factors influencing high-purity indium electrolytic refining

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