Improved flame resistance properties of unsaturated polyester resin with TiO2-MXOY solid superacid

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2020.06.018

中国化学工程学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (9): 2474-2482.DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.06.018

• Materials and Product Engineering • 上一篇下一篇

Improved flame resistance properties of unsaturated polyester resin with TiO₂-M_XO_Y solid superacid

Xuexi Chen¹, Mei Wan¹, Ming Gao², Yanxia Wang², Deqi Yi³

1 School of Safety Engineering, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Beijing 101601, China;
2 School of Environmental Engineering, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Beijing 101601, China;
3 National Laboratory of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

收稿日期:2020-04-02 修回日期:2020-05-18 出版日期:2020-09-28 发布日期:2020-10-21
通讯作者: Ming Gao

Improved flame resistance properties of unsaturated polyester resin with TiO₂-M_XO_Y solid superacid

Xuexi Chen¹, Mei Wan¹, Ming Gao², Yanxia Wang², Deqi Yi³

1 School of Safety Engineering, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Beijing 101601, China;
2 School of Environmental Engineering, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Beijing 101601, China;
3 National Laboratory of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

Received:2020-04-02 Revised:2020-05-18 Online:2020-09-28 Published:2020-10-21
Contact: Ming Gao

摘要/Abstract

摘要： Five SO₄^2-/TiO₂-M_XO_Y solid super acids (SSA: Cu@Ti:SSA, Zr@Ti:SSA, Fe@Ti:SSA, Mn@Ti:SSA, Mo@Ti:SSA) were successfully prepared by sol-gel method, and its chemical structure and element content were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Then, a compound flame retardant system containing SSA and ammonium polyphosphate/montmorillonite (AM) were was introduced into an unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) to enhance the flame retardance. The effect of SSA on the flammability and thermal stability of the UPR was evaluated by the limiting oxygen index (LOI), cone calorimeter test (CCT) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The LOI results showed that the flame retardance of the UPR composites was significantly improved with the addition of SSA. Moreover, their heat release rate (HRR), total heat release (THR), the smoke production rate (SPR) and CO and CO₂ yield were much decreased. In addition, the initial decomposition temperature of UPR/AM/SSA was delayed, indicating that their thermal stability was increased, and the residual char of UPR/AM/SSA was also increased due to strong catalytic of SSA ability for esterification and dehydration. Furthermore, the microstructure of the residual char after combustion of the UPR composites was studied by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and it was found that the char layer structure was more continuous and dense after the addition of the SSA. In sum up, the synergistic effect between SSA and AM was the main factor for the great improvement of flame retardant of UPR composites.

关键词: Flame retardance, Unsaturated polyester resin (UPR), Solid super acid, Cone calorimeter

Abstract: Five SO₄^2-/TiO₂-M_XO_Y solid super acids (SSA: Cu@Ti:SSA, Zr@Ti:SSA, Fe@Ti:SSA, Mn@Ti:SSA, Mo@Ti:SSA) were successfully prepared by sol-gel method, and its chemical structure and element content were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Then, a compound flame retardant system containing SSA and ammonium polyphosphate/montmorillonite (AM) were was introduced into an unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) to enhance the flame retardance. The effect of SSA on the flammability and thermal stability of the UPR was evaluated by the limiting oxygen index (LOI), cone calorimeter test (CCT) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The LOI results showed that the flame retardance of the UPR composites was significantly improved with the addition of SSA. Moreover, their heat release rate (HRR), total heat release (THR), the smoke production rate (SPR) and CO and CO₂ yield were much decreased. In addition, the initial decomposition temperature of UPR/AM/SSA was delayed, indicating that their thermal stability was increased, and the residual char of UPR/AM/SSA was also increased due to strong catalytic of SSA ability for esterification and dehydration. Furthermore, the microstructure of the residual char after combustion of the UPR composites was studied by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and it was found that the char layer structure was more continuous and dense after the addition of the SSA. In sum up, the synergistic effect between SSA and AM was the main factor for the great improvement of flame retardant of UPR composites.

Key words: Flame retardance, Unsaturated polyester resin (UPR), Solid super acid, Cone calorimeter

Xuexi Chen, Mei Wan, Ming Gao, Yanxia Wang, Deqi Yi. Improved flame resistance properties of unsaturated polyester resin with TiO₂-M_XO_Y solid superacid[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2020, 28(9): 2474-2482.

Xuexi Chen, Mei Wan, Ming Gao, Yanxia Wang, Deqi Yi. Improved flame resistance properties of unsaturated polyester resin with TiO₂-M_XO_Y solid superacid[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2020, 28(9): 2474-2482.

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Improved flame resistance properties of unsaturated polyester resin with TiO₂-M_XO_Y solid superacid

Improved flame resistance properties of unsaturated polyester resin with TiO₂-M_XO_Y solid superacid

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