Beneficial synergetic effect of feedstock characteristics and reaction conditions on bio crude production from hydrothermal liquefaction of mixed residential waste

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2024.09.002

中国化学工程学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 75 ›› Issue (11): 46-61.DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2024.09.002

Beneficial synergetic effect of feedstock characteristics and reaction conditions on bio crude production from hydrothermal liquefaction of mixed residential waste

Vaishnavi Mahadevan¹, Sathishkumar Kannaiyan¹, Gopinath Kannappan Panchamoorthy²

1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Tamil Nadu 603110, India;
2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Mohamed Sathak Engineering College, Sathak Nagar, SH 49, Keelakarai, Tamil Nadu 623806, India

收稿日期:2024-04-30 修回日期:2024-08-07 接受日期:2024-09-09 出版日期:2024-11-28 发布日期:2024-09-30
通讯作者: Sathishkumar Kannaiyan,E-mail:sathishkumark@ssn.edu.in

Beneficial synergetic effect of feedstock characteristics and reaction conditions on bio crude production from hydrothermal liquefaction of mixed residential waste

Vaishnavi Mahadevan¹, Sathishkumar Kannaiyan¹, Gopinath Kannappan Panchamoorthy²

1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Tamil Nadu 603110, India;
2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Mohamed Sathak Engineering College, Sathak Nagar, SH 49, Keelakarai, Tamil Nadu 623806, India

Received:2024-04-30 Revised:2024-08-07 Accepted:2024-09-09 Online:2024-11-28 Published:2024-09-30
Contact: Sathishkumar Kannaiyan,E-mail:sathishkumark@ssn.edu.in

摘要/Abstract

摘要： Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a promising method for sustainable waste management and renewable energy production, converting mixed feedstocks into bio-crude, a precursor to various biofuels. A study focused on mixed residential waste (MRW) as an HTL feedstock investigated temperature ranges (280-360 ℃) and residence times (30-90 min), achieving a maximum bio-crude yield of 39.16% at 340 ℃ and 75 min. Also, a thorough investigation of the synergistic relationships between all subcomponents of the MRW feedstock was conducted and concluded that the mixed waste (MW) feedstock samples containing a higher proportion of food and plastic wastes and MRW sample presented with a co-liquefaction percentage (CE) of around 60% and 107% respectively for production of bio crude. Also, solvents such as ethanol, glycerol and aqueous phase (AQ) were tested for their potential as hydrothermal mediums and found that bio crude yield of 46.19% was obtained in case of AQ phase recirculation. Further, the quantitative and qualitative effect of usage of four different catalysts were tested individually and in combination with AQ phase recirculation and found that, although individually nanoporous ZnO and diatomaceous earth (DE) yielded bio crude in the range of 46.86% and 42.68% respectively, when used in combination, DE cat-HTL with AQ resulted in maximum bio crude yield of 54.35%. Furthermore, qualitatively, the bio crude from DE cat-HTL with AQ presented with a high carbon and energy recovery percentage of 62.20% and 72.95% respectively and a high hydrocarbon content of 58.98%.

关键词: Hydrothermal liquefaction, Bio crude, Synergy, Residential waste, Aqueous phase recirculation, Catalyst

Abstract: Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a promising method for sustainable waste management and renewable energy production, converting mixed feedstocks into bio-crude, a precursor to various biofuels. A study focused on mixed residential waste (MRW) as an HTL feedstock investigated temperature ranges (280-360 ℃) and residence times (30-90 min), achieving a maximum bio-crude yield of 39.16% at 340 ℃ and 75 min. Also, a thorough investigation of the synergistic relationships between all subcomponents of the MRW feedstock was conducted and concluded that the mixed waste (MW) feedstock samples containing a higher proportion of food and plastic wastes and MRW sample presented with a co-liquefaction percentage (CE) of around 60% and 107% respectively for production of bio crude. Also, solvents such as ethanol, glycerol and aqueous phase (AQ) were tested for their potential as hydrothermal mediums and found that bio crude yield of 46.19% was obtained in case of AQ phase recirculation. Further, the quantitative and qualitative effect of usage of four different catalysts were tested individually and in combination with AQ phase recirculation and found that, although individually nanoporous ZnO and diatomaceous earth (DE) yielded bio crude in the range of 46.86% and 42.68% respectively, when used in combination, DE cat-HTL with AQ resulted in maximum bio crude yield of 54.35%. Furthermore, qualitatively, the bio crude from DE cat-HTL with AQ presented with a high carbon and energy recovery percentage of 62.20% and 72.95% respectively and a high hydrocarbon content of 58.98%.

Key words: Hydrothermal liquefaction, Bio crude, Synergy, Residential waste, Aqueous phase recirculation, Catalyst

Vaishnavi Mahadevan, Sathishkumar Kannaiyan, Gopinath Kannappan Panchamoorthy. Beneficial synergetic effect of feedstock characteristics and reaction conditions on bio crude production from hydrothermal liquefaction of mixed residential waste[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2024, 75(11): 46-61.

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Beneficial synergetic effect of feedstock characteristics and reaction conditions on bio crude production from hydrothermal liquefaction of mixed residential waste

Beneficial synergetic effect of feedstock characteristics and reaction conditions on bio crude production from hydrothermal liquefaction of mixed residential waste

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