Migration/transformation characteristics of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the co-liquefaction treatment of pig manure and lignocellulosic biomass

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2025.01.012

中国化学工程学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 82 ›› Issue (6): 222-234.DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2025.01.012

Migration/transformation characteristics of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the co-liquefaction treatment of pig manure and lignocellulosic biomass

Zimin Luo¹, Xinyi Huang¹, Chunfei Zhou^1,2, Min Jiang¹, Xiaoping Liu¹, Huajun Huang¹

1. College of Land Resources and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China;
2. College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China

收稿日期:2024-11-01 修回日期:2024-12-25 接受日期:2025-01-20 出版日期:2025-08-19 发布日期:2025-03-08
通讯作者: Huajun Huang,E-mail:huanghuajun2004@126.com
基金资助:
This research work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21707056), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province, China (20192BAB203019), and the Jiangxi Province Graduate Innovation Special Fund Project (YC2022-S412).

Migration/transformation characteristics of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the co-liquefaction treatment of pig manure and lignocellulosic biomass

Zimin Luo¹, Xinyi Huang¹, Chunfei Zhou^1,2, Min Jiang¹, Xiaoping Liu¹, Huajun Huang¹

1. College of Land Resources and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China;
2. College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China

Received:2024-11-01 Revised:2024-12-25 Accepted:2025-01-20 Online:2025-08-19 Published:2025-03-08
Contact: Huajun Huang,E-mail:huanghuajun2004@126.com
Supported by:
This research work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21707056), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province, China (20192BAB203019), and the Jiangxi Province Graduate Innovation Special Fund Project (YC2022-S412).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： The migration/transformation characteristics of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during the co-liquefaction of pig manure and rice straw/wood sawdust were explored in this study. More than 87% of the heavy metals in feedstocks were enriched in hydrochars. The decreased proportion of active heavy metals in the hydrochars suggested partial passivation of the heavy metals. The pollution degree and risk of heavy metals were significantly mitigated from high and considerable levels in pig manure to moderate and low levels in hydrochar, respectively. Compared with commercial diesel, bio-oil products still contained an undesirable amount of heavy metals. PAHs were re-synthesized during liquefaction, with a net synthesis amount of 29.65-73.98 mg·kg^-1. Moreover, the PAHs mainly existed in bio-oils, with a content of 57.32-132.33 mg·kg^-1 and a toxicity equivalent of 3.25-8.19 mg·kg^-1. Compared to pig manure, the hydrochars presented a lower content of PAHs (1.76-3.53 mg·kg^-1 versus 3.73 mg·kg^-1) and a smaller toxicity equivalent (0.14-0.22 mg·kg^-1 versus 0.26 mg·kg^-1). Interestingly, introducing lignocellulose (especially for rice straw) during the liquefaction of pig manure further mitigated the pollution degree/risk of heavy metals and PAHs. Overall, hydrochar reached a safe utilization level, while bio-oil products needed further clarification.

关键词: Waste treatment, Liquefaction, Pollution, Heavy metals, PAHs, Migration/transformation

Abstract: The migration/transformation characteristics of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during the co-liquefaction of pig manure and rice straw/wood sawdust were explored in this study. More than 87% of the heavy metals in feedstocks were enriched in hydrochars. The decreased proportion of active heavy metals in the hydrochars suggested partial passivation of the heavy metals. The pollution degree and risk of heavy metals were significantly mitigated from high and considerable levels in pig manure to moderate and low levels in hydrochar, respectively. Compared with commercial diesel, bio-oil products still contained an undesirable amount of heavy metals. PAHs were re-synthesized during liquefaction, with a net synthesis amount of 29.65-73.98 mg·kg^-1. Moreover, the PAHs mainly existed in bio-oils, with a content of 57.32-132.33 mg·kg^-1 and a toxicity equivalent of 3.25-8.19 mg·kg^-1. Compared to pig manure, the hydrochars presented a lower content of PAHs (1.76-3.53 mg·kg^-1 versus 3.73 mg·kg^-1) and a smaller toxicity equivalent (0.14-0.22 mg·kg^-1 versus 0.26 mg·kg^-1). Interestingly, introducing lignocellulose (especially for rice straw) during the liquefaction of pig manure further mitigated the pollution degree/risk of heavy metals and PAHs. Overall, hydrochar reached a safe utilization level, while bio-oil products needed further clarification.

Key words: Waste treatment, Liquefaction, Pollution, Heavy metals, PAHs, Migration/transformation

Zimin Luo, Xinyi Huang, Chunfei Zhou, Min Jiang, Xiaoping Liu, Huajun Huang. Migration/transformation characteristics of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the co-liquefaction treatment of pig manure and lignocellulosic biomass[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2025, 82(6): 222-234.

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Migration/transformation characteristics of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the co-liquefaction treatment of pig manure and lignocellulosic biomass

Migration/transformation characteristics of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the co-liquefaction treatment of pig manure and lignocellulosic biomass

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