Understanding electrokinetic thermodynamics in nanochannels

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2020.09.041

Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (3): 33-41.DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.09.041

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Understanding electrokinetic thermodynamics in nanochannels

Jianglong Du¹, Haolan Tao¹, Jie Yang¹, Cheng Lian^1,2, Sen Lin³, Honglai Liu¹

1 State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China;
2 Institute for Theoretical Physics, Center for Extreme Matter and Emergent Phenomena, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, the Netherlands;
3 National Engineering Research Center for Integrated Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China

Received:2020-08-21 Revised:2020-09-25 Online:2021-05-13 Published:2021-03-28
Contact: Cheng Lian, Sen Lin, Honglai Liu
Supported by:
This work was sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 91834301, 21808055 and 22078088), the Shanghai Sailing Program (18YF1405400).

Understanding electrokinetic thermodynamics in nanochannels

Jianglong Du¹, Haolan Tao¹, Jie Yang¹, Cheng Lian^1,2, Sen Lin³, Honglai Liu¹

1 State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China;
2 Institute for Theoretical Physics, Center for Extreme Matter and Emergent Phenomena, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, the Netherlands;
3 National Engineering Research Center for Integrated Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China

通讯作者: Cheng Lian, Sen Lin, Honglai Liu
基金资助:
This work was sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 91834301, 21808055 and 22078088), the Shanghai Sailing Program (18YF1405400).

Abstract

Abstract: Understanding the electrokinetic conversion efficiency in a nanochannel is vital for designing energy storage and conversion devices. In this paper, an analytical electrokinetic energy conversion efficiency in a nanochannel is obtained based on the linear electrokinetic response. The analytical result shows that the conversion efficiency has a maximum with the increasing of the nanochannel pore radius. Numerical solutions based on the Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) and Navier-Stokes (NS) equations are used to confirm the analytical expressions. Besides, the influences of the pore radius and surface roughness on the conversion efficiency in nanochannels are also studied by the numerical calculations. In particular, the influences of the surface roughness on the fluid flow, streaming current and streaming potential are examined. The results show that the large bumps and grooves representing the roughness can hinder the fluid flows and ion transports in the nanochannels. The maximum efficiency in a smooth nanochannel is higher than that in a rough channel. However, the small bumps and grooves can increase the surface area of the channel, which is beneficial to improving the conversion efficiency in some cases. This research can provide theoretical guidance to design electrokinetic energy conversion devices.

Key words: Electrokinetic conversion efficiency, Linear electrokinetics, Nanostructure, Dynamic simulation, Thermodynamics

摘要： Understanding the electrokinetic conversion efficiency in a nanochannel is vital for designing energy storage and conversion devices. In this paper, an analytical electrokinetic energy conversion efficiency in a nanochannel is obtained based on the linear electrokinetic response. The analytical result shows that the conversion efficiency has a maximum with the increasing of the nanochannel pore radius. Numerical solutions based on the Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) and Navier-Stokes (NS) equations are used to confirm the analytical expressions. Besides, the influences of the pore radius and surface roughness on the conversion efficiency in nanochannels are also studied by the numerical calculations. In particular, the influences of the surface roughness on the fluid flow, streaming current and streaming potential are examined. The results show that the large bumps and grooves representing the roughness can hinder the fluid flows and ion transports in the nanochannels. The maximum efficiency in a smooth nanochannel is higher than that in a rough channel. However, the small bumps and grooves can increase the surface area of the channel, which is beneficial to improving the conversion efficiency in some cases. This research can provide theoretical guidance to design electrokinetic energy conversion devices.

关键词: Electrokinetic conversion efficiency, Linear electrokinetics, Nanostructure, Dynamic simulation, Thermodynamics

Jianglong Du, Haolan Tao, Jie Yang, Cheng Lian, Sen Lin, Honglai Liu. Understanding electrokinetic thermodynamics in nanochannels[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2021, 29(3): 33-41.

Jianglong Du, Haolan Tao, Jie Yang, Cheng Lian, Sen Lin, Honglai Liu. Understanding electrokinetic thermodynamics in nanochannels[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2021, 29(3): 33-41.

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Understanding electrokinetic thermodynamics in nanochannels

Understanding electrokinetic thermodynamics in nanochannels

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