Removal of kathon by UV-C activated hydrogen peroxide: Kinetics, mechanisms, and enhanced biodegradability assessment

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2023.06.023

中国化学工程学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (1): 178-187.DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2023.06.023

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Removal of kathon by UV-C activated hydrogen peroxide: Kinetics, mechanisms, and enhanced biodegradability assessment

Jinzhi Cui¹, Guiqiao Wang¹, Xing Rong¹, Wensu Gao¹, Yaxin Lu¹, Yawen Luo¹, Lichao Zhang¹, Zhongfa Cheng², Canzhu Gao¹

1 School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China;
2 Shandong Taihe Technologies Co., Ltd., Zaozhuang 250031, China

收稿日期:2022-12-28 修回日期:2023-05-28 出版日期:2024-01-28 发布日期:2024-04-17
通讯作者: Canzhu Gao,Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237,China. E-mail:gaocz@sdu.edu.cn
基金资助:
Thanks for the support of experimental Instrument Platform of Shandong Taihe Water Treatment Technology Co., LTD.

Removal of kathon by UV-C activated hydrogen peroxide: Kinetics, mechanisms, and enhanced biodegradability assessment

Jinzhi Cui¹, Guiqiao Wang¹, Xing Rong¹, Wensu Gao¹, Yaxin Lu¹, Yawen Luo¹, Lichao Zhang¹, Zhongfa Cheng², Canzhu Gao¹

1 School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China;
2 Shandong Taihe Technologies Co., Ltd., Zaozhuang 250031, China

Received:2022-12-28 Revised:2023-05-28 Online:2024-01-28 Published:2024-04-17
Contact: Canzhu Gao,Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237,China. E-mail:gaocz@sdu.edu.cn
Supported by:
Thanks for the support of experimental Instrument Platform of Shandong Taihe Water Treatment Technology Co., LTD.

摘要/Abstract

摘要： Kathon (CMI-MI), a mixture of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CMI) and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MI), was extensively used in industry as a nonoxidizing biocide or disinfectant. However, it would show adverse effects on aquatic life when it is discharged into surface water. In this study, the removal performance, parameter influence, degradation products and enhancement of subsequent biodegradation of CMI-MI in UV/H₂O₂ system were systematically investigated. The degradation rate of CMI-MI could reach 90% under UV irradiation for 20 min when the dosage of H₂O₂ was 0.3 mmol L^-1. The DOC (dissolved organic carbon) mineralization rate of CMI-MI could reach 35% under certain conditions ([H₂O₂]=0.3 mmol L^-1, UV irradiation for 40 min). k_obs was inversely proportional to the concentration of CMI-MI and proportional to the concentration of H₂O₂. The degradation rate of CMI-MI was almost unchanged in the pH range from 4 to 10. Except the presence of CO₃^2- inhibited the removal rate of CMI-MI, SO₄^2-, Cl^-, NO₃^-, and NH₄⁺ did not interfere with the degradation of CMI-MI in the system. It was found that UV/H₂O₂ system had lower energy consumption and more economic advantage compared with UV/PS system by comparing the E_EO (electric energy per order) values under the same conditions. Two main organic products were identified, namely HCOOH and CH₃NH₂. There's also the formation of Cl^- and SO₄^2-. After UV and UV/H₂O₂ photolysis, the biochemical properties of CMI-MI solution were obviously improved, especially the UV/H₂O₂ treatment effect was better, indicating that UV/H₂O₂ technology is expected to combine with biotechnology to remove CMI-MI effectively and environmentally friendly from wastewater.

关键词: Kathon, UV/H₂O₂, Biological degradation, Circulating cooling water

Abstract: Kathon (CMI-MI), a mixture of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CMI) and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MI), was extensively used in industry as a nonoxidizing biocide or disinfectant. However, it would show adverse effects on aquatic life when it is discharged into surface water. In this study, the removal performance, parameter influence, degradation products and enhancement of subsequent biodegradation of CMI-MI in UV/H₂O₂ system were systematically investigated. The degradation rate of CMI-MI could reach 90% under UV irradiation for 20 min when the dosage of H₂O₂ was 0.3 mmol L^-1. The DOC (dissolved organic carbon) mineralization rate of CMI-MI could reach 35% under certain conditions ([H₂O₂]=0.3 mmol L^-1, UV irradiation for 40 min). k_obs was inversely proportional to the concentration of CMI-MI and proportional to the concentration of H₂O₂. The degradation rate of CMI-MI was almost unchanged in the pH range from 4 to 10. Except the presence of CO₃^2- inhibited the removal rate of CMI-MI, SO₄^2-, Cl^-, NO₃^-, and NH₄⁺ did not interfere with the degradation of CMI-MI in the system. It was found that UV/H₂O₂ system had lower energy consumption and more economic advantage compared with UV/PS system by comparing the E_EO (electric energy per order) values under the same conditions. Two main organic products were identified, namely HCOOH and CH₃NH₂. There's also the formation of Cl^- and SO₄^2-. After UV and UV/H₂O₂ photolysis, the biochemical properties of CMI-MI solution were obviously improved, especially the UV/H₂O₂ treatment effect was better, indicating that UV/H₂O₂ technology is expected to combine with biotechnology to remove CMI-MI effectively and environmentally friendly from wastewater.

Key words: Kathon, UV/H₂O₂, Biological degradation, Circulating cooling water

Jinzhi Cui, Guiqiao Wang, Xing Rong, Wensu Gao, Yaxin Lu, Yawen Luo, Lichao Zhang, Zhongfa Cheng, Canzhu Gao. Removal of kathon by UV-C activated hydrogen peroxide: Kinetics, mechanisms, and enhanced biodegradability assessment[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2024, 65(1): 178-187.

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Removal of kathon by UV-C activated hydrogen peroxide: Kinetics, mechanisms, and enhanced biodegradability assessment

Removal of kathon by UV-C activated hydrogen peroxide: Kinetics, mechanisms, and enhanced biodegradability assessment

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