SCI和EI收录∣中国化工学会会刊

中国化学工程学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (1): 188-199.DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2023.08.003

• Full Length Article • 上一篇    下一篇

Insight into the experiment and extraction mechanism for separating carbazole from anthracene oil with quaternary ammonium-based deep eutectic solvents

Xudong Zhang, Yanhua Liu, Jun Shen, Yugao Wang, Gang Liu, Yanxia Niu, Qingtao Sheng   

  1. College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-02 修回日期:2023-08-23 出版日期:2024-01-28 发布日期:2024-04-17
  • 通讯作者: Jun Shen,E-mail:shenjun@tyut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    This work was financially supported by Shanxi Province Natural Science Foundation of China (20210302123167); NSFC-Shanxi joint fund for coal-based low carbon (U1610223); and ShanxiZheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering (2021SX-TD006).

Insight into the experiment and extraction mechanism for separating carbazole from anthracene oil with quaternary ammonium-based deep eutectic solvents

Xudong Zhang, Yanhua Liu, Jun Shen, Yugao Wang, Gang Liu, Yanxia Niu, Qingtao Sheng   

  1. College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
  • Received:2023-07-02 Revised:2023-08-23 Online:2024-01-28 Published:2024-04-17
  • Contact: Jun Shen,E-mail:shenjun@tyut.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    This work was financially supported by Shanxi Province Natural Science Foundation of China (20210302123167); NSFC-Shanxi joint fund for coal-based low carbon (U1610223); and ShanxiZheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering (2021SX-TD006).

摘要: Carbazole is an irreplaceable basic organic chemical raw material and intermediate in industry. The separation of carbazole from anthracene oil by environmental benign solvents is important but still a challenge in chemical engineering. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as a sustainable green separation solvent have been proposed for the separation of carbazole from model anthracene oil. In this research, three quaternary ammonium-based DESs were prepared using ethylene glycol (EG) as hydrogen bond donor and tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBAC), tetrabutylammonium bromide or choline chloride as hydrogen bond acceptors. To explore their extraction performance of carbazole, the conductor-like screening model for real solvents (COSMO-RS) model was used to predict the activity coefficient at infinite dilution (γ) of carbazole in DESs, and the result indicated TBAC:EG (1:2) had the stronger extraction ability for carbazole due to the higher capacity at infinite dilution (C) value. Then, the separation performance of these three DESs was evaluated by experiments, and the experimental results were in good agreement with the COSMO-RS prediction results. The TBAC:EG (1:2) was determined as the most promising solvent. Additionally, the extraction conditions of TBAC:EG (1:2) were optimized, and the extraction efficiency, distribution coefficient and selectivity of carbazole could reach up to 85.74%, 30.18 and 66.10%, respectively. Moreover, the TBAC:EG (1:2) could be recycled by using environmentally friendly water as antisolvent. In addition, the separation performance of TBAC:EG (1:2) was also evaluated by real crude anthracene, the carbazole was obtained with purity and yield of 85.32%, 60.27%, respectively. Lastly, the extraction mechanism was elucidated by σ-profiles and interaction energy analysis. Theoretical calculation results showed that the main driving force for the extraction process was the hydrogen bonding ((N-H…Cl) and van der Waals interactions (C-H…O and C-H…π), which corresponding to the blue and green isosurfaces in IGMH analysis. This work presented a novel method for separating carbazole from crude anthracene oil, and will provide an important reference for the separation of other high value-added products from coal tar.

关键词: Carbazole, Model anthracene oil, Deep eutectic solvents, COSMO-RS, Extraction mechanism

Abstract: Carbazole is an irreplaceable basic organic chemical raw material and intermediate in industry. The separation of carbazole from anthracene oil by environmental benign solvents is important but still a challenge in chemical engineering. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as a sustainable green separation solvent have been proposed for the separation of carbazole from model anthracene oil. In this research, three quaternary ammonium-based DESs were prepared using ethylene glycol (EG) as hydrogen bond donor and tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBAC), tetrabutylammonium bromide or choline chloride as hydrogen bond acceptors. To explore their extraction performance of carbazole, the conductor-like screening model for real solvents (COSMO-RS) model was used to predict the activity coefficient at infinite dilution (γ) of carbazole in DESs, and the result indicated TBAC:EG (1:2) had the stronger extraction ability for carbazole due to the higher capacity at infinite dilution (C) value. Then, the separation performance of these three DESs was evaluated by experiments, and the experimental results were in good agreement with the COSMO-RS prediction results. The TBAC:EG (1:2) was determined as the most promising solvent. Additionally, the extraction conditions of TBAC:EG (1:2) were optimized, and the extraction efficiency, distribution coefficient and selectivity of carbazole could reach up to 85.74%, 30.18 and 66.10%, respectively. Moreover, the TBAC:EG (1:2) could be recycled by using environmentally friendly water as antisolvent. In addition, the separation performance of TBAC:EG (1:2) was also evaluated by real crude anthracene, the carbazole was obtained with purity and yield of 85.32%, 60.27%, respectively. Lastly, the extraction mechanism was elucidated by σ-profiles and interaction energy analysis. Theoretical calculation results showed that the main driving force for the extraction process was the hydrogen bonding ((N-H…Cl) and van der Waals interactions (C-H…O and C-H…π), which corresponding to the blue and green isosurfaces in IGMH analysis. This work presented a novel method for separating carbazole from crude anthracene oil, and will provide an important reference for the separation of other high value-added products from coal tar.

Key words: Carbazole, Model anthracene oil, Deep eutectic solvents, COSMO-RS, Extraction mechanism