Targeting efficient biomass gasification

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2020.11.027

中国化学工程学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 268-278.DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.11.027

• Energy Science and Technology • 上一篇下一篇

Targeting efficient biomass gasification

Saneliswa Magagula^1,2, Jiangze Han^3,4, Xinying Liu^1,4, Baraka C. Sempuga^1,4

1 Institute for the Development of Energy for African Sustainability (IDEAS), University of South Africa, Science Campus, Florida, Johannesburg 1710, South Africa;
2 Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan, PR 00931, USA;
3 College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China;
4 International Joint Laboratory of New Energy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China

收稿日期:2020-05-31 修回日期:2020-11-11 出版日期:2021-05-28 发布日期:2021-08-19
通讯作者: Baraka C. Sempuga
基金资助:
The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support from University of South Africa, Hebei University of Science and Technology and South Africa National Research Foundation (113648).

Targeting efficient biomass gasification

Saneliswa Magagula^1,2, Jiangze Han^3,4, Xinying Liu^1,4, Baraka C. Sempuga^1,4

1 Institute for the Development of Energy for African Sustainability (IDEAS), University of South Africa, Science Campus, Florida, Johannesburg 1710, South Africa;
2 Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan, PR 00931, USA;
3 College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China;
4 International Joint Laboratory of New Energy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China

Received:2020-05-31 Revised:2020-11-11 Online:2021-05-28 Published:2021-08-19
Contact: Baraka C. Sempuga
Supported by:
The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support from University of South Africa, Hebei University of Science and Technology and South Africa National Research Foundation (113648).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： The sustainability of biomass use as a primary energy source depends on the efficiency of its conversion processes. The key contributing factors are well understood, owing to extensive experimental and theoretical modeling efforts in literature. In this manuscript, we present a systematic study of the thermochemical conversion route that allows us to target desirable outcomes when converting biomass to other fuels and products. Using process synthesis techniques that include material, energy and work balances, we identify the best targets to consider for highly efficient processes given specific constraints. Our analysis shows that by supplying the right amount of oxygen, a 100% carbon conversion efficiency can be achieved for certain applications that require gas as product. If the objective is to obtain a cleaner fuel from biomass, converting it to char is most efficient in terms of carbon and energy conversion. According to our analysis, an energy neutral biomass gasification process is theoretically possible over a wide range of H₂ and CO production rates. We demonstrate its feasibility by simulating the process on Aspen Plus^{^®}. The simulation reveals that with heat integration, we can achieve the energy neutral target at a hydrogen production rate of 0.9 mol/mol biomass. We further show that even at zero energy requirement, biomass gasification processes can have excess chemical potential, which can be recovered as useful work or conserved by producing more H₂. Adding low temperature heat in the form of steam at 102 C gives an 8% gain in chemical potential conservation and increases the hydrogen production rate by 60%. The insights revealed in this work allow for better decision making in early stages of process design, and consequently, more efficient biomass gasification processes.

关键词: Biomass, Gasification, Gasification thermodynamics, Biomass conversion efficiency, Process targeting

Abstract: The sustainability of biomass use as a primary energy source depends on the efficiency of its conversion processes. The key contributing factors are well understood, owing to extensive experimental and theoretical modeling efforts in literature. In this manuscript, we present a systematic study of the thermochemical conversion route that allows us to target desirable outcomes when converting biomass to other fuels and products. Using process synthesis techniques that include material, energy and work balances, we identify the best targets to consider for highly efficient processes given specific constraints. Our analysis shows that by supplying the right amount of oxygen, a 100% carbon conversion efficiency can be achieved for certain applications that require gas as product. If the objective is to obtain a cleaner fuel from biomass, converting it to char is most efficient in terms of carbon and energy conversion. According to our analysis, an energy neutral biomass gasification process is theoretically possible over a wide range of H₂ and CO production rates. We demonstrate its feasibility by simulating the process on Aspen Plus^{^®}. The simulation reveals that with heat integration, we can achieve the energy neutral target at a hydrogen production rate of 0.9 mol/mol biomass. We further show that even at zero energy requirement, biomass gasification processes can have excess chemical potential, which can be recovered as useful work or conserved by producing more H₂. Adding low temperature heat in the form of steam at 102 C gives an 8% gain in chemical potential conservation and increases the hydrogen production rate by 60%. The insights revealed in this work allow for better decision making in early stages of process design, and consequently, more efficient biomass gasification processes.

Key words: Biomass, Gasification, Gasification thermodynamics, Biomass conversion efficiency, Process targeting

Saneliswa Magagula, Jiangze Han, Xinying Liu, Baraka C. Sempuga. Targeting efficient biomass gasification[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2021, 33(5): 268-278.

Saneliswa Magagula, Jiangze Han, Xinying Liu, Baraka C. Sempuga. Targeting efficient biomass gasification[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2021, 33(5): 268-278.

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Targeting efficient biomass gasification

Targeting efficient biomass gasification

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