Experimental and numerical simulation of lignite chemical looping gasification with phosphogypsum as oxygen carrier in a fluidized bed

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2021.01.006

中国化学工程学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (9): 197-207.DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2021.01.006

• Resources and Environmental Technology • 上一篇下一篇

Experimental and numerical simulation of lignite chemical looping gasification with phosphogypsum as oxygen carrier in a fluidized bed

Wang Du¹, Liping Ma¹, Jing Yang², Wei Zhang¹, Ran Ao¹

1. Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China;
2. School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710000, China

收稿日期:2020-08-30 修回日期:2020-12-09 出版日期:2021-09-28 发布日期:2021-11-02
通讯作者: Liping Ma
基金资助:
Financial support for this project were provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21666016), National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFC1900200) and State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering (2021-K39), which is greatly acknowledged.

Experimental and numerical simulation of lignite chemical looping gasification with phosphogypsum as oxygen carrier in a fluidized bed

Wang Du¹, Liping Ma¹, Jing Yang², Wei Zhang¹, Ran Ao¹

1. Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China;
2. School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710000, China

Received:2020-08-30 Revised:2020-12-09 Online:2021-09-28 Published:2021-11-02
Contact: Liping Ma
Supported by:
Financial support for this project were provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21666016), National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFC1900200) and State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering (2021-K39), which is greatly acknowledged.

摘要/Abstract

摘要： Phosphogypsum (PG) is a solid waste produced in the wet process of producing phosphoric acid. Lignite is a kind of promising chemical raw material. However, the high sulfur of lignite limits the utilization of lignite as a resource. Based on fluidized bed experiments, the optimal reaction conditions for the production syngas by lignite chemical looping gasification (CLG) with PG as oxygen carrier were studied. The study found that the optimal reaction temperature should not exceed 1123 K; the mole ratio of water vapor to lignite should be about 0.2; the mole ratio of PG oxygen carrier to lignite should be about 0.6. Meanwhile, commercial software Comsol was used to establish a fuel reaction kinetics model. Through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation, the process of reaction in fluidized bed were well captured. The model was based on a two-fluid model and coupled mass transfer, heat transfer and chemical reactions. This study showed that the fluidized bed presents a flow structure in which gas and solid coexist. There was a high temperature zone in the middle and lower parts of the fluidized bed. It could be seen from the results of the flow field simulated that the fluidized bed was beneficial to the progress of the gasification reaction.

关键词: Phosphogypsum, Lignite, Chemical looping gasification, Fluidized-bed, Syngas, Computational fluid dynamics

Abstract: Phosphogypsum (PG) is a solid waste produced in the wet process of producing phosphoric acid. Lignite is a kind of promising chemical raw material. However, the high sulfur of lignite limits the utilization of lignite as a resource. Based on fluidized bed experiments, the optimal reaction conditions for the production syngas by lignite chemical looping gasification (CLG) with PG as oxygen carrier were studied. The study found that the optimal reaction temperature should not exceed 1123 K; the mole ratio of water vapor to lignite should be about 0.2; the mole ratio of PG oxygen carrier to lignite should be about 0.6. Meanwhile, commercial software Comsol was used to establish a fuel reaction kinetics model. Through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation, the process of reaction in fluidized bed were well captured. The model was based on a two-fluid model and coupled mass transfer, heat transfer and chemical reactions. This study showed that the fluidized bed presents a flow structure in which gas and solid coexist. There was a high temperature zone in the middle and lower parts of the fluidized bed. It could be seen from the results of the flow field simulated that the fluidized bed was beneficial to the progress of the gasification reaction.

Key words: Phosphogypsum, Lignite, Chemical looping gasification, Fluidized-bed, Syngas, Computational fluid dynamics

Wang Du, Liping Ma, Jing Yang, Wei Zhang, Ran Ao. Experimental and numerical simulation of lignite chemical looping gasification with phosphogypsum as oxygen carrier in a fluidized bed[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2021, 37(9): 197-207.

参考文献

[1] Q.J. Guo, Y. Cheng, Y.Z. Liu, W.H. Jia, H.J. Ryu, Coal chemical looping gasification for syngas generation using an iron-based oxygen carrier, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 53(1) (2013) 78-86.
[2] J. Yang, L.P. Ma, S.L. Dong, H. Liu, S.Q. Zhao, X.J. Cui, D.L. Zheng, J. Yang, Theoretical and experimental demonstration of lignite chemical looping gasification of phosphogypsum oxygen carrier for syngas generation, Fuel 194(2017) 448-459.
[3] P. Gayan, C.R. Forero, A. Abad, L.F.D. Diego, F. Garcia-Labiano, J. Adanez, Effect of Support on the behavior of Cu-based oxygen carriers during long-term CLC operation at temperatures above 1073 K, Energy Fuels 25(3) (2011) 1316-1326.
[4] P. Cho, T. Mattisson, A. Lyngfelt, Comparison of iron-, nickel-, copper- and manganese-based oxygen carriers for chemical-looping combustion, Fuel 83(9) (2004) 1215-1225.
[5] R. Siriwardane, J. Riley, H.J. Tian, G. Richards, Chemical looping coal gasification with calcium ferrite and barium ferrite via solid-solid reactions, Appl. Energy 165(2016) 952-966.
[6] T. Song, M. Zheng, L.H. Shen, T. Zhang, J. Xiao, Mechanism investigation of enhancing reaction performance with CaSO₄/Fe₂O₃ oxygen carrier in chemicallooping combustion of coal, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 52(11) (2013) 4059-4071.
[7] O. Hentati, N. Abrantes, A.L. Caetano, S. Bouguerra, F. Goncalves, J. Roembke, R. Pereira, Phosphogypsum as a soil fertilizer:Ecotoxicity of amended soil and elutriates to bacteria, invertebrates, algae and plants, J. Hazard. Mater. 294(2015) 80-89.
[8] J. Zhou, Z. Sheng, T.T. Li, Z. Shu, Y. Chen, Y.X. Wang, Preparation of hardened tiles from waste phosphogypsum by a new intermittent pressing hydration, Ceram. Int. 42(6) (2016) 7237-7245.
[9] H.J. Tian, Q.J. Guo, X.H. Yue, Y.Z. Liu, Investigation into sulfur release in reductive decomposition of calcium sulfate oxygen carrier by hydrogen and carbon monoxide, Fuel Process. Technol. 91(11) (2014) 1640-1649.
[10] L.H. Shen, M. Zheng, J. Xiao, R. Xiao, A mechanistic investigation of a calciumbased oxygen carrier for chemical looping combustion, Combust. Flame 154(3) (2008) 489-506.
[11] S. Zhang, L. Shen, J. Xiao, H. Gu, T. Song, Influence of alkaline earth metals of Ca loaded on iron ore in chemical-looping combustion of coal, Proc. Chin. Soc. Electr. Eng. 33(2) (2013) 39-45.
[12] Y.Z. Liu, Q.J. Guo, Investigation into syngas generation from solid fuel using CaSO₄-based chemical looping gasification process, Chin. J. Chem. Eng. 21(2) (2013) 127-134.
[13] J. Yang, L.P. Ma, H.P. Liu, Y. Wei, Bounkhong, Thermodynamics and kinetics analysis of Ca-looping for CO₂ capture:Application of carbide slag, Fuel 242(2019) 1-11.
[14] L.R. Radovic, P.L. Walker, R.G. Jenkins, Importance of catalyst dispersion in the gasification of lignite chars, J. Catal. 82(2) (1983) 382-394.
[15] A. Lyngfelt, B. Kronberger, J. Adanez, J.X. Morin, The Grace Project:Development of Oxygen Carrier Particles for Chemical-Looping Combustion. Design and Operation of a 10 kW Chemical-Looping Combustor, Elsevier, Canada, 2004.
[16] T.D. Wheelock, Simultaneous reductive and oxidative decomposition of calcium sulfate in the same fluidized bed, US Pat., 4102989(1978).
[17] W.M. Swift, T.D. Wheelock, Decomposition of calcium sulfate in a two-zone reactor, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 14(3) (1975) 323-327.
[18] C.A. Strydom, E.M. Groenewald, J.H. Potgieter, Thermogravimetric studies of the synthesis of cas from gypsum, CaSO₄·2H₂O and phosphogypsum, J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. 49(3) (1997) 1501-1507.
[19] J. Werther, Fluidization technology development-the industry/academia collaboration issue, Powder Technol. 113(3) (2000) 230-241.
[20] S. Heinrich, J. Werther, New developments in fluidization technology, Chem. Eng. Technol. 32(3) (2010) 337.
[21] Z.Y. Deng, R. Xiao, B.S. Jin, Q. Song, Numerical simulation of chemical looping combustion process with CaSO₄ oxygen carrier, Int. J. Greenh. Gas Control 3(4) (2009) 368-375.
[22] D. Ik-Tae, A. Guk, M. Hamada, A study on wall-to-bed heat transfer in a conical fluidized bed combustor, Appl. Therm. Eng. 99(2016) 928-937.
[23] L.M. Armstrong, S. Gu, K.H. Luo, Study of wall-to-bed heat transfer in a bubbling fluidised bed using the kinetic theory of granular flow, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 53(21) (2010) 4949-4959.
[24] T.N. Zhang, X.B. Dong, Y.J. Lu, Bed to wall heat transfer in supercritical water fluidized bed:Comparison with the gas-solid fluidized bed, Appl. Therm. Eng. 88(2015) 297-305.
[25] M. Mostafazadeh, H. Rahimzadeh, M. Hamzei, Numerical analysis of the mixing process in a gas-solid fluidized bed reactor, Powder Technol. 239(2013) 422-433.
[26] C.K.K. Lun, S.B. Savage, D.J. Jeffrey, N. Chepurniy, Kinetic theories for granular flow:inelastic particles in Couette flow and slightly inelastic particles in a general flow field, J. Fluid Mech. 140(1984) 223-256.
[27] D.J. Ajcevic, E. Siegmann, C. Radeke, J.G. Khinast, Large-scale CFD-DEM simulations of fluidized granular systems, Chem. Eng. Sci. 98(2013) 298-310.
[28] J.H. Walther, I.F. Sbalzarini, Large-scale parallel discrete element simulations of granular flow, Eng. Comput. 26(6) (2009) 688-697.
[29] S.L. Yang, K. Luo, K. Zhang, K.Z. Qiu, J.R. Fan, Numerical study of a lab-scale double slot-rectangular spouted bed with the parallel CFD-DEM coupling approach, Powder Technol. 272(2015) 85-99.
[30] R. Beetstra, M.A.V.D. Hoef, J.A.M. Kuipers, Numerical study of segregation using a new drag force correlation for polydisperse systems derived from latticeBoltzmann simulations, Chem. Eng. Sci. 62(1-2) (2007) 246-255.
[31] R.J. Hill, D.L. Koch, A.J.C. Ladd, The first effects of fluid inertia on flows in ordered and random arrays of spheres, J. Fluid Mech. 448(2001) 213-241.
[32] M. Zheng, L.H. Shen, J. Xiao, Reduction of CaSO₄ oxygen carrier with coal in chemical-looping combustion:Effects of temperature and gasification intermediate, Int. J. Greenh. Gas Control 4(5) (2010) 716-728.
[33] D.J. Gunn, Transfer of heat or mass to particles in fixed and fluidised beds, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 21(4) (1978) 467-476.
[34] Q. Zafar, A. Abad, T. Mattisson, B. Gevert, Reaction kinetics of freeze-granulated NiO/MgAl₂O₄ oxygen carrier particles for chemical-looping combustion, Energy Fuels 21(2) (2007) 610-618.
[35] M. Syamlal, T.J. O'Brien, Simulation of granular layer inversion in liquid fluidized beds, Int. J. Multiph. Flow 14(4) (1988) 473-481.
[36] Q.L. Song, R. Xiao, Z.Y. Deng, H.Y. Zhang, L. Shen, J. Xiao, M.Y. Zhang, Chemicallooping combustion of methane with CaSO₄ oxygen carrier in a fixed bed reactor, Energy Conv. Manag. 49(11) (2008) 3178-3187.
[37] L. Xu, J.N. Wang, Z.S. Li, N.S. Cai, Experimental study of cement-supported CuO oxygen carriers in chemical looping with oxygen uncoupling (CLOU), Energy Fuels 27(3) (2013) 1522-1530.
[38] M.A.S. Pio, M. Martini, F. Gallucci, I. Roghair, M.V.S. Annaland, Kinetics of CuO/SiO₂ and CuO/Al₂O₃ oxygen carriers for chemical looping combustion, Chem. Eng. Sci. 175(2018) 56-71.
[39] T. Yonehara, H.I. Smith, C.V. Thompson, J.E. Palmer, Graphoepitaxy of Ge on SiO₂ by solid-state surface-energy-driven grain growth, Appl. Phys. Lett. 45(6) (1984) 631-633.
[40] Y.L. Yang, N. Guo, In situ fabrication and wettability of Ca₂SiO₄/CaTiO₃ biocoating by laser cladding technology on Ti-6Al-4V alloy, Mater. Sci. Technol. 29(5) (2013) 598-604.
[41] T.T. Fang, W.J. Lin, C.Y. Lin, Evidence of the ultrahigh dielectric constant of CaSiO₃-doped CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂ from its dielectric response, impedance spectroscopy, and microstructure, Phys. Rev. B 76(4) (2007) 45115.
[42] S.A. Scott, J.S. Dennis, A.N. Hayhurst, T. Brown, In situ gasification of a solid fuel and CO₂ separation using chemical looping, AIChE J. 52(9) (2006) 3325-3328.

Experimental and numerical simulation of lignite chemical looping gasification with phosphogypsum as oxygen carrier in a fluidized bed

Experimental and numerical simulation of lignite chemical looping gasification with phosphogypsum as oxygen carrier in a fluidized bed

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	Lijuan Zhao, Zhe Tan, Xiaoguang Zhang, Qijun Zhang, Wei Wang, Qiang Deng, Jie Ma, De'an Pan. Research on process modeling and simulation of spent lead paste desulfurization enhanced reactor[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 60(8): 293-303.
[2]	Yi Wu, Pengfei Song, Ningyan Li, Yanan Jiang, Yuan Liu. Molybdenum tailored Co⁰/Co²⁺ active pairs on a perovskite-type oxide for direct ethanol synthesis from syngas[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 59(7): 279-289.
[3]	Wende Tian, Jiawei Zhang, Zhe Cui, Haoran Zhang, Bin Liu. Microscopic mechanism study and process optimization of dimethyl carbonate production coupled biomass chemical looping gasification system[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 58(6): 291-305.
[4]	Chengang Yang, Huaizhi Han, Quan Zhu, Xiangyuan Li. Cracking and buoyancy effect on hydrocarbon endothermic and heat transfer characteristics in rectangular mini-channel[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 56(4): 242-254.
[5]	Shuangfei Zhao, Yingying Nie, Wenyan Zhang, Runze Hu, Lianzhu Sheng, Wei He, Ning Zhu, Yuguang Li, Dong Ji, Kai Guo. Microfluidic field strategy for enhancement and scale up of liquid–liquid homogeneous chemical processes by optimization of 3D spiral baffle structure[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 56(4): 255-265.
[6]	Qi Han, Xin-Yuan Zhang, Hai-Bo Wu, Xian-Tai Zhou, Hong-Bing Ji. Different efficiency toward the biomimetic aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol in microchannel and bubble column reactors: Hydrodynamic characteristics and gas–liquid mass transfer[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 55(3): 84-92.
[7]	Songsong Wang, Hong Li, Changyuan Tao, Renlong Liu, Yundong Wang, Zuohua Liu. Study on cavern evolution and performance of three mixers in agitation of yield-pseudoplastic fluids[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 55(3): 111-122.
[8]	Yongbo Zhou, Yang Jin, Jun Li, Qinyan Wang, Ming Chen. Numerical study on the hydrodynamics behavior of a central insert microchannel[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 53(1): 361-373.
[9]	Tianpeng LiZhou, Jiajia Luo, Tiefeng Wang. Enhancement of acetylene and ethylene yields in partially decoupled oxidation of ethane by changing the composition of heat carrier[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2022, 47(7): 71-78.
[10]	Zewen Chen, Yongjun Wu, Jian Wang, Peicheng Luo. Study on the solid–liquid suspension behavior in a tank stirred by the long-short blades impeller[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2022, 47(7): 79-88.
[11]	Lei Sun, Zhongjun Zhao, Xiushan Yang, Yan Sun, Quande Li, Chunhui Luo, Qiang Zhao. Thermochemical decomposition of phosphogypsum with Fe-P slag via a solid-state reaction[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2022, 47(7): 113-119.
[12]	Liying Chen, Junheng Guo, Wenpeng Li, Shuchun Zhao, Wei Li, Jinli Zhang. A numerical study of mixing intensification for highly viscous fluids in multistage rotor–stator mixers[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2022, 47(7): 218-230.
[13]	Lijuan He, Cuimei Zhi, Lixia Ling, Riguang Zhang, Baojun Wang. Syngas to ethanol on MoCu(2 1 1) surface: Effect of promoter Mo on C—O bond breaking and C—C bond formation[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2022, 45(5): 78-89.
[14]	Zijun Li, Shubo Wang, Sai Yao, Xueke Wang, Weiwei Li, Tong Zhu, Xiaofeng Xie. Experimental and numerical study on improvement performance by wave parallel flow field in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2022, 45(5): 90-102.
[15]	Yongjun Wu, Pan You, Peicheng Luo. Effect of pitched short blades on the flow characteristics in a stirred tank with long-short blades impeller[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2022, 45(5): 143-152.