Ca- and Mg-rich waste as high active carrier for chemical looping gasification of biomass

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2020.09.024

中国化学工程学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (10): 145-154.DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.09.024

• Catalysis, Kinetics and Reaction Engineering • 上一篇下一篇

Ca- and Mg-rich waste as high active carrier for chemical looping gasification of biomass

Xin Niu¹, Laihong Shen²

1. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China

收稿日期:2020-05-20 修回日期:2020-09-16 出版日期:2021-10-28 发布日期:2021-12-02
通讯作者: Xin Niu
基金资助:
This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52006104), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 30919011237).

Ca- and Mg-rich waste as high active carrier for chemical looping gasification of biomass

Xin Niu¹, Laihong Shen²

1. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China

Received:2020-05-20 Revised:2020-09-16 Online:2021-10-28 Published:2021-12-02
Contact: Xin Niu
Supported by:
This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52006104), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 30919011237).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： Chemical looping gasification (CLG) is a promising technology for high-quality syngas production. One key issue to successful CLG is the selection of high-performance oxygen carrier. In this study, several Ca- and Mg-rich steelmaking wastes from steel industry, such as blast furnace slag (BF slag), blast furnace dust (BF dust) and Linz-Donawitz converter slag (LD slag), were used as oxygen carriers in chemical looping gasification of biomass. The results showed that the reducibility of Ca- and Mg-rich waste, especially LD slag and BF dust, was superior to that of hematite. Considering long-term operation, the cyclic stability of steelmaking waste was tested. BF dust showed a poor stability, while the other carrier (hematite, BF slag or LD slag) presented an excellent stability during multiple redox cycles in spite of partial sintering and agglomeration. Moreover, the effects of supply oxygen coefficient (O/B ratio) and reaction temperature on CLG of biomass were investigated. The results revealed that Ca- and Mg-rich waste exhibited a higher syngas production compared to hematite. The higher performance could be attributed to the improved reduction rate of Fe₂O₃ and gasification rate of biomass by Ca or Mg in steelmaking waste. In addition, LD slag exhibited the higher gas value at the O/B ratio of 1 at 900 ℃. As a consequence, LD slag was an appropriate oxygen carrier for CLG of biomass in terms of perfect reducibility, superior cyclic stability and high reactivity.

关键词: Biomass, Syngas, Gasification, Ca- and Mg-rich waste, Chemical looping

Abstract: Chemical looping gasification (CLG) is a promising technology for high-quality syngas production. One key issue to successful CLG is the selection of high-performance oxygen carrier. In this study, several Ca- and Mg-rich steelmaking wastes from steel industry, such as blast furnace slag (BF slag), blast furnace dust (BF dust) and Linz-Donawitz converter slag (LD slag), were used as oxygen carriers in chemical looping gasification of biomass. The results showed that the reducibility of Ca- and Mg-rich waste, especially LD slag and BF dust, was superior to that of hematite. Considering long-term operation, the cyclic stability of steelmaking waste was tested. BF dust showed a poor stability, while the other carrier (hematite, BF slag or LD slag) presented an excellent stability during multiple redox cycles in spite of partial sintering and agglomeration. Moreover, the effects of supply oxygen coefficient (O/B ratio) and reaction temperature on CLG of biomass were investigated. The results revealed that Ca- and Mg-rich waste exhibited a higher syngas production compared to hematite. The higher performance could be attributed to the improved reduction rate of Fe₂O₃ and gasification rate of biomass by Ca or Mg in steelmaking waste. In addition, LD slag exhibited the higher gas value at the O/B ratio of 1 at 900 ℃. As a consequence, LD slag was an appropriate oxygen carrier for CLG of biomass in terms of perfect reducibility, superior cyclic stability and high reactivity.

Key words: Biomass, Syngas, Gasification, Ca- and Mg-rich waste, Chemical looping

Xin Niu, Laihong Shen. Ca- and Mg-rich waste as high active carrier for chemical looping gasification of biomass[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2021, 38(10): 145-154.

Xin Niu, Laihong Shen. Ca- and Mg-rich waste as high active carrier for chemical looping gasification of biomass[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2021, 38(10): 145-154.

参考文献

[1] X. Zhao, H. Zhou, V.S. Sikarwar, M. Zhao, A.-H.A. Park, P.S. Fennell, L. Shen, L.-S. Fan, Biomass-based chemical looping technologies: the good, the bad and the future, Energy Environ. Sci. 10 (9) (2017) 1885-1910
[2] E.G. Pereira, J.N. da Silva, J.L. de Oliveira, C.S. Machado, Sustainable energy: A review of gasification technologies, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 16 (7) (2012) 4753-4762
[3] J. Adanez, A. Abad, F. Garcia-Labiano, P. Gayan, L.F. de Diego, Progress in chemical-looping combustion and reforming technologies, Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 38 (2) (2012) 215-282
[4] L. Protasova, F. Snijkers, Recent developments in oxygen carrier materials for hydrogen production via chemical looping processes, Fuel 181 (2016) 75-93
[5] Z. Huang, F. He, H. Zhu, D. Chen, K. Zhao, G. Wei, Y. Feng, A. Zheng, Z. Zhao, H. Li, Thermodynamic analysis and thermogravimetric investigation on chemical looping gasification of biomass char under different atmospheres with Fe₂O₃ oxygen carrier, Appl. Energy 157 (Supplement C) (2015) 546-553
[6] J. Hu, C. Li, Q. Zhang, Q. Guo, S. Zhao, W. Wang, D.-J. Lee, Y. Yang, Using chemical looping gasification with Fe₂O₃/Al₂O₃ oxygen carrier to produce syngas (H₂+CO) from rice straw, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 44 (6) (2019) 3382-3386
[7] G. Wei, H. Wang, W. Zhao, Z. Huang, Q. Yi, F. He, K. Zhao, A. Zheng, J. Meng, Z. Deng, J. Chen, Z. Zhao, H. Li, Synthesis gas production from chemical looping gasification of lignite by using hematite as oxygen carrier, Energy Convers. Manage. 185 (2019) 774-782
[8] Z. Wu, B. Zhang, S. Wu, G. Li, S. Zhao, Y. Li, B. Yang, Chemical looping gasification of lignocellulosic biomass with iron-based oxygen carrier: Products distribution and kinetic analysis on gaseous products from cellulose, Fuel Process. Technol. 193 (2019) 361-371
[9] M. Azhar Uddin, H. Tsuda, S. Wu, E. Sasaoka, Catalytic decomposition of biomass tars with iron oxide catalysts, Fuel 87 (4) (2008) 451-459
[10] T. Nordgreen, V. Nemanova, K. Engvall, K. Sjöström, Iron-based materials as tar depletion catalysts in biomass gasification: Dependency on oxygen potential, Fuel 95 (2012) 71-78
[11] T. Nordgreen, T. Liliedahl, K. Sjöström, Metallic iron as a tar breakdown catalyst related to atmospheric, fluidised bed gasification of biomass, Fuel 85 (5) (2006) 689-694
[12] S. Chen, Q. Shi, Z. Xue, X. Sun, W. Xiang, Experimental investigation of chemical-looping hydrogen generation using Al₂O₃ or TiO₂-supported iron oxides in a batch fluidized bed, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 36 (15) (2011) 8915-8926
[13] Q. Guo, Y. Cheng, Y. Liu, W. Jia, H.-J. Ryu, Coal chemical looping gasification for syngas generation using an iron-based oxygen carrier, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 53 (1) (2014) 78-86
[14] Z. Huang, Y. Zhang, J. Fu, L. Yu, M. Chen, S. Liu, F. He, D. Chen, G. Wei, K. Zhao, A. Zheng, Z. Zhao, H. Li, Chemical looping gasification of biomass char using iron ore as an oxygen carrier, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 41 (40) (2016) 17871-17883
[15] Z. Hu, E. Jiang, X. Ma, The effect of oxygen carrier content and temperature on chemical looping gasification of microalgae for syngas production, J. Energy Inst. 92 (3) (2019) 474-487
[16] L. Wang, X. Feng, L. Shen, S. Jiang, H. Gu, Carbon and sulfur conversion of petroleum coke in the chemical looping gasification process, Energy 179 (2019) 1205-1216
[17] F. Mayer, A.R. Bidwe, A. Schopf, K. Taheri, M. Zieba, G. Scheffknecht, Comparison of a new micaceous iron oxide and ilmenite as oxygen carrier for Chemical looping combustion with respect to syngas conversion, Appl. Energy 113 (2014) 1863-1868
[18] T. Song, J. Wu, H. Zhang, L. Shen, Characterization of an Australia hematite oxygen carrier in chemical looping combustion with coal, Int. J. Greenhouse Gas Control 11 (2012) 326-336
[19] J. Ma, D. Mei, W. Peng, X. Tian, D. Ren, H. Zhao, On the high performance of a core-shell structured CaO-CuO/MgO@Al₂O₃ material in calcium looping integrated with chemical looping combustion (CaL-CLC), Chem. Eng. J. 368 (2019) 504-512
[20] X. Tian, P. Niu, Y. Ma, H. Zhao, Chemical-looping gasification of biomass: Part II. Tar yields and distributions, Biomass Bioenergy 108 (2018) 178-189
[21] P. Niu, Y. Ma, X. Tian, J. Ma, H. Zhao, Chemical looping gasification of biomass: Part I. screening Cu-Fe metal oxides as oxygen carrier and optimizing experimental conditions, Biomass Bioenergy 108 (2018) 146-156
[22] J. Bao, Z. Li, N. Cai, Reduction kinetics of foreign-ion-promoted ilmenite using carbon monoxide (CO) for chemical looping combustion, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 52 (31) (2013) 10646-10655
[23] W.-C. Huang, Y.-L. Kuo, Y.-M. Su, Y.-H. Tseng, H.-Y. Lee, Y. Ku, A facile method for sodium-modified Fe₂O₃/Al₂O₃ oxygen carrier by an air atmospheric pressure plasma jet for chemical looping combustion process, Chem. Eng. J. 316 (2017) 15-23
[24] H. Zhong, D. Er, L. Wen, Theoretical study on influence of CaO and MgO on the reduction of FeO by CO, Appl. Surf. Sci. 399 (2017) 630-637
[25] R. Siriwardane, J. Riley, H. Tian, G. Richards, Chemical looping coal gasification with calcium ferrite and barium ferrite via solid-solid reactions, Appl. Energy 165 (2016) 952-966
[26] Q. Hu, C.-H. Wang, Insight into the Fe₂O₃/CaO-based chemical looping process for biomass conversion, Bioresour. Technol. 310 (2020) 123384
[27] Z. Sun, Z. Chen, S. Toan, Z. Sun, Chemical looping deoxygenated gasification: An implication for efficient biomass utilization with high-quality syngas modulation and CO₂ reduction, Energy Convers. Manage. 215 (2020) 112913
[28] Z. Sun, S. Chen, C.K. Russell, J. Hu, A.H. Rony, G. Tan, A. Chen, L. Duan, J. Boman, J. Tang, T. Chien, M. Fan, W. Xiang, Improvement of H₂-rich gas production with tar abatement from pine wood conversion over bi-functional Ca₂Fe₂O₅ catalyst: Investigation of inner-looping redox reaction and promoting mechanisms, Appl. Energy 212 (2018) 931-943
[29] Q. Hu, Y. Shen, J.W. Chew, T. Ge, C.-H. Wang, Chemical looping gasification of biomass with Fe₂O₃/CaO as the oxygen carrier for hydrogen-enriched syngas production, Chem. Eng. J. 379 (2020) 122346
[30] N.C.C. Lobato, E.A. Villegas, M.B. Mansur, Management of solid wastes from steelmaking and galvanizing processes: A brief review, Resour. Conserv. Recycl. 102 (2015) 49-57
[31] L. Xu, G.L. Schwebel, P. Knutsson, H. Leion, Z. Li, N. Cai, Performance of industrial residues as low cost oxygen carriers, Energy Procedia 114 (2017) 361-370
[32] P. Moldenhauer, C. Linderholm, M. Rydén, A. Lyngfelt, Avoiding CO₂ capture effort and cost for negative CO₂ emissions using industrial waste in chemical-looping combustion/gasification of biomass, Mitig. Adapt. Strat. Glob. Change 25 (1) (2020) 1-24
[33] M. Rydén, M. Hanning, F. Lind, Oxygen carrier aided combustion (OCAC) of wood chips in a 12 MWth circulating fluidized bed boiler using steel converter slag as bed material, Appl. Sci. 8 (12) (2018) 2657
[34] F. Störner, F. Hildor, H. Leion, M. Zevenhoven, L. Hupa, M. Rydén, Potassium ash interactions with oxygen carriers steel converter slag and iron mill scale in chemical-looping combustion of biomass—Experimental evaluation using model compounds, Energy Fuels 34 (2) (2020) 2304-2314
[35] F. Hildor, T. Mattisson, H. Leion, C. Linderholm, M. Rydén, Steel converter slag as an oxygen carrier in a 12 MWth CFB boiler - Ash interaction and material evolution, Int. J. Greenhouse Gas Control 88 (2019) 321-331
[36] E.R. Monazam, R.W. Breault, R. Siriwardane, Reduction of hematite (Fe₂O₃) to wüstite (FeO) by carbon monoxide (CO) for chemical looping combustion, Chem. Eng. J. 242 (2014) 204-210
[37] K. Piotrowski, K. Mondal, T. Wiltowski, P. Dydo, G. Rizeg, Topochemical approach of kinetics of the reduction of hematite to wüstite, Chem. Eng. J. 131 (1) (2007) 73-82
[38] M.V.C. Sastri, R.P. Viswanath, B. Viswanathan, Studies on the reduction of iron oxide with hydrogen, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 7 (12) (1982) 951-955
[39] K. Piotrowski, K. Mondal, H. Lorethova, L. Stonawski, T. Szymański, T. Wiltowski, Effect of gas composition on the kinetics of iron oxide reduction in a hydrogen production process, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 30 (15) (2005) 1543-1554
[40] X. Hua, W. Wang, F. Wang, Performance and kinetics of iron-based oxygen carriers reduced by carbon monoxide for chemical looping combustion, Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. 9 (6) (2015) 1130-1138
[41] Y.D. Wang, X.N. Hua, C.C. Zhao, T.T. Fu, W. Li, W. Wang, Step-wise reduction kinetics of Fe₂O₃ by CO/CO₂ mixtures for chemical looping hydrogen generation, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 42 (9) (2017) 5667-5675
[42] Z. Du, Q. Zhu, Y. Yang, C. Fan, F. Pan, H. Sun, Z. Xie, The role of MgO powder in preventing defluidization during fluidized bed reduction of fine iron ores with different iron valences, Steel Res. Int. 87 (12) (2016) 1742-1749
[43] Y. Zhong, Z. Wang, Z. Guo, Q. Tang, Prevention of agglomeration/defluidization in fluidized bed reduction of Fe₂O₃ by CO: The role of magnesium and calcium oxide, Powder Technol. 241 (2013) 142-148
[44] E.R. Monazam, N.L. Galinsky, R.W. Breault, S.C. Bayham, Attrition of hematite particles for chemical looping combustion in a conical jet cup, Powder Technol. 340 (2018) 528-536

Ca- and Mg-rich waste as high active carrier for chemical looping gasification of biomass

Ca- and Mg-rich waste as high active carrier for chemical looping gasification of biomass

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	Jian Han, Xinhua Liu, Shanwei Hu, Nan Zhang, Jingjing Wang, Bin Liang. Optimization of decoupling combustion characteristics of coal briquettes and biomass pellets in household stoves[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 59(7): 182-192.
[2]	Yi Wu, Pengfei Song, Ningyan Li, Yanan Jiang, Yuan Liu. Molybdenum tailored Co⁰/Co²⁺ active pairs on a perovskite-type oxide for direct ethanol synthesis from syngas[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 59(7): 279-289.
[3]	Jiangshan Qu, Jianbo Zhang, Huiquan Li, Shaopeng Li, Da Shi, Ruiqi Chang, Wenfen Wu, Ganyu Zhu, Chennian Yang, Chenye Wang. Occurrence, leaching behavior, and detoxification of heavy metal Cr in coal gasification slag[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 58(6): 11-19.
[4]	Wende Tian, Jiawei Zhang, Zhe Cui, Haoran Zhang, Bin Liu. Microscopic mechanism study and process optimization of dimethyl carbonate production coupled biomass chemical looping gasification system[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 58(6): 291-305.
[5]	Qi Yang, Weikang Dai, Maoshuai Li, Jie Wei, Yi Feng, Cheng Yang, Wanxin Yang, Ying Zheng, Jie Ding, Mei-Yan Wang, Xinbin Ma. Enhanced selective hydrogenation of glycolaldehyde to ethylene glycol over Cu⁰-Cu⁺ sites[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 57(5): 141-150.
[6]	Jian Wang, Yuanhui Shen, Donghui Zhang, Zhongli Tang, Wenbin Li. Integrated vacuum pressure swing adsorption and Rectisol process for CO₂ capture from underground coal gasification syngas[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 57(5): 265-279.
[7]	Mustapha Omenesa Idris, Claudia Guerrero-Barajas, Hyun-Chul Kim, Asim Ali Yaqoob, Mohamad Nasir Mohamad Ibrahim. Scalability of biomass-derived graphene derivative materials as viable anode electrode for a commercialized microbial fuel cell: A systematic review[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 55(3): 277-292.
[8]	Shutong Pang, Hualiang An, Xinqiang Zhao, Yanji Wang. Influence of Ca/P ratio on the catalytic performance of hydroxyapatite for decarboxylation of itaconic acid to methacrylic acid[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 53(1): 402-408.
[9]	Hongbo Song, Wei Wang, Jiachen Sun, Xianhui Wang, Xianhua Zhang, Sai Chen, Chunlei Pei, Zhi-Jian Zhao. Chemical looping oxidative propane dehydrogenation controlled by oxygen bulk diffusion over FeVO₄ oxygen carrier pellets[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 53(1): 409-420.
[10]	Zhong Ma, Guofu Liu, Hui Zhang, Yonggang Lu. Investigation of the redox performance of pyrite cinder calcined at different temperature in chemical looping combustion[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2022, 48(8): 98-105.
[11]	Kangcheng Wang, Jie Zhang, Dexian Huang. Online temperature estimation of Shell coal gasification process based on extended Kalman filter[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2022, 47(7): 134-144.
[12]	Kuo Lin, Zhongjie Shen, Qinfeng Liang, Jianliang Xu, Haifeng Liu. The study of the effect of gas-phase fluctuation on slag flow and refractory brick corrosion in the slag tapping hole of an entrained-flow gasifier[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2022, 47(7): 271-281.
[13]	Xing Zhang, Jingfeng Wu, Junhao Chen, Liang Lu, Lingjun Zhu, Shurong Wang. Production of aromatic hydrocarbons by co-cracking of bio-oil and ethanol over Ga₂O₃/HZSM-5 catalysts[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2022, 46(6): 126-133.
[14]	Lijuan He, Cuimei Zhi, Lixia Ling, Riguang Zhang, Baojun Wang. Syngas to ethanol on MoCu(2 1 1) surface: Effect of promoter Mo on C—O bond breaking and C—C bond formation[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2022, 45(5): 78-89.
[15]	Zheng Wang, Sijia Li, Shengping Wang, Jiaxu Liu, Yujun Zhao, Xinbin Ma. Coupling effect of bifunctional ZnCe@SBA-15 catalyst in 1,3-butadiene production from bioethanol[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2022, 45(5): 162-170.