Adsorptive potential of Acacia nilotica based adsorbent for chromium(VI) from an aqueous phase

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2017.08.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： The objective of this research was to enhance adsorption capacity of Acacia nilotica (keekar) sawdust for the abatement of chromium bearing wastewater and to investigate the effect of process parameters on adsorption capacity. The sawdust was activated by acid wash and functionalized subsequently with formaldehyde. Functionalization of activated sawdust raised its chromium removal efficiency of almost 10% as compared to its adsorption removal efficiency of HCl treated sawdust in a batch adsorption study. Adsorption kinetic data provided better fitting with pseudo second order model. Maximum adsorption capacity calculated through the best fitting Langmuir model was 6.34 mg·g^-1 and 8.2 mg·g^-1 for HCl treated and formaldehyde functionalized sawdust adsorbents, respectively. The adsorption of Cr(VI) was endothermic when studied by varying temperature from 20℃ to 50℃ for both activated and functionalized adsorbents.

关键词: Acacia nilotica, Chromium, Adsorption, Kinetics, Isotherms, Thermodynamics

Abstract: The objective of this research was to enhance adsorption capacity of Acacia nilotica (keekar) sawdust for the abatement of chromium bearing wastewater and to investigate the effect of process parameters on adsorption capacity. The sawdust was activated by acid wash and functionalized subsequently with formaldehyde. Functionalization of activated sawdust raised its chromium removal efficiency of almost 10% as compared to its adsorption removal efficiency of HCl treated sawdust in a batch adsorption study. Adsorption kinetic data provided better fitting with pseudo second order model. Maximum adsorption capacity calculated through the best fitting Langmuir model was 6.34 mg·g^-1 and 8.2 mg·g^-1 for HCl treated and formaldehyde functionalized sawdust adsorbents, respectively. The adsorption of Cr(VI) was endothermic when studied by varying temperature from 20℃ to 50℃ for both activated and functionalized adsorbents.

Key words: Acacia nilotica, Chromium, Adsorption, Kinetics, Isotherms, Thermodynamics

Raza Khalid, Zaheer Aslam, Aamir Abbas, Waqar Ahmad, Naveed Ramzan, Reyad Shawabkeh. Adsorptive potential of Acacia nilotica based adsorbent for chromium(VI) from an aqueous phase[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2018, 26(3): 614-622.

参考文献

[1] N.K. Srivastava, C.B. Majumder, Novel biofiltration methods for the treatment of heavy metals from industrial wastewater, J. Hazard. Mater. 151(2008) 1-8.

[2] N. Tewari, P. Vasudevan, B.K. Guha, Study on biosorption of Cr(VI) by Mucor hiemalis, Biochem. Eng. J. 23(2005) 185-192.

[3] F.A. Al-Khaldi, B. Abu-Sharkh, A.M. Abulkibash, M.I. Qureshi, T. Laoui, M.A. Atieh, Effect of acid modification on adsorption of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) from aqueous solution by activated carbon and carbon nanotubes, Desalin. Water Treat. 3994(2015) 1-13.

[4] S.A. Wanees, A.M.M. Ahmed, M.S. Adam, M.A. Mohamed, Adsorption studies on the removal of hexavalent chromium-contaminated wastewater using activated carbon and bentonite, Asian J. Chem. 25(2013) 8245-8252.

[5] F.N. Acar, E. Malkoc, The removal of chromium(VI) from aqueous solutions by Fagus orientalis L, Bioresour. Technol. 94(2004) 13-15.

[6] S. Kushwaha, B. Sreedhar, P.P. Sudhakar, A spectroscopic study for understanding the speciation of Cr on palm shell based adsorbents and their application for the remediation of chrome plating effluents, Bioresour. Technol. 116(2012) 15-23.

[7] L. Khezami, R. Capart, Removal of chromium(VI) from aqueous solution by activated carbons:kinetic and equilibrium studies, J. Hazard. Mater. 123(2005) 223-231.

[8] S. Golbaz, A.J. Jafari, M. Rafiee, R.R. Kalantary, Separate and simultaneous removal of phenol, chromium, and cyanide from aqueous solution by coagulation/precipitation:mechanisms and theory, Chem. Eng. J. 253(2014) 251-257.

[9] Y. Ku, I.L. Jung, Photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) in aqueous solutions by UV irradiation with the presence of titanium dioxide, Water Res. 35(2001) 135-142.

[10] S.A. Mirbagheri, S.N. Hosseini, Pilot plant investigation on petrochemical wastewater treatment for the removal of copper and chromium with the objective of reuse, Desalination 171(2005) 85-93.

[11] J.S. George, A. Ramos, H.J. Shipley, Tanning facility wastewater treatment:analysis of physical-chemical and reverse osmosis methods, J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 3(2015) 969-976.

[12] J. Bohdziewicz, Removal of chromium ions (VI) from underground water in the hybrid complexation-ultrafiltration process, Desalination 129(2000) 227-235.

[13] J. Landaburu-Aguirre, E. Pongracz, P. Peramaki, R.L. Keiski, Micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration for the removal of cadmium and zinc:use of response surface methodology to improve understanding of process performance and optimisation, J. Hazard. Mater. 180(2010) 524-534.

[14] E. Abbasi-Garravand, C.N. Mulligan, Using micellar enhanced ultrafiltration and reduction techniques for removal of Cr(VI) and Cr(Ⅲ) from water, Sep. Purif. Technol. 132(2014) 505-512.

[15] N.H. Mthombeni, M.S. Onyango, O. Aoyi, Adsorption of hexavalent chromium onto magnetic natural zeolite-polymer composite, J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng. 50(2015) 242-251.

[16] B. Alyüz, S. Veli, Kinetics and equilibrium studies for the removal of nickel and zinc from aqueous solutions by ion exchange resins, J. Hazard. Mater. 167(2009) 482-488.

[17] S. Rengaraj, K.-H. Yeon, S.-H. Moon, Removal of chromium from water and wastewater by ion exchange resins, J. Hazard. Mater. 87(2001) 273-287.

[18] D. Sbizzaro Filho, G.B. Bota, R.B. Borri, F.J.C. Teran, Electrocoagulation/flotation followed by fluidized bed anaerobic reactor applied to tannery effluent treatment, Desalin. Water Treat. 37(2012) 359-363.

[19] D. Sivakumar, Experimental and analytical model studies on leachate volume computation from solid waste, Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 10(2013) 903-916.

[20] K. Ranganathan, Chromium removal by activated carbons prepared from Casuarina equisetifolia leaves, Bioresour. Technol. 73(2000) 99-103.

[21] J.-L. Gong, B. Wang, G.-M. Zeng, C.-P. Yang, C.-G. Niu, Q.-Y. Niu, W.-J. Zhou, Y. Liang, Removal of cationic dyes from aqueous solution using magnetic multi-wall carbon nanotube nanocomposite as adsorbent, Chem. Eng. J. 164(2009) 1517-1522.

[22] P. Xu, G.M. Zeng, D.L. Huang, C.L. Feng, S. Hu, M.H. Zhao, C. Lai, Z. Wei, C. Huang, G.X. Xie, Z.F. Liu, Use of iron oxide nanomaterials in wastewater treatment:a review, Sci. Total Environ. 424(2012) 1-10.

[23] A. Jusoh, L. Su Shiung, N. Ali, M.J.M.M. Noor, A simulation study of the removal efficiency of granular activated carbon on cadmium and lead, Desalination 206(2007) 9-16.

[24] N.R. Bishnoi, M. Bajaj, N. Sharma, A. Gupta, Adsorption of Cr(VI) on activated rice husk carbon and activated alumina, Bioresour. Technol. 91(2004) 305-307.

[25] V.S. Mane, P.V.V. Babu, Studies on the adsorption of Brilliant Green dye from aqueous solution onto low-cost NaOH treated saw dust, Desalination 273(2011) 321-329.

[26] K. Selvaraj, S. Manonmani, S. Pattabhi, Removal of hexavalent chromium using distillery sludge, Bioresour. Technol. 89(2003) 207-211.

[27] V. Murphy, H. Hughes, P. McLoughlin, Comparative study of chromium biosorption by red, green and brown seaweed biomass, Chemosphere 70(2008) 1128-1134.

[28] Y. Sahin, A. Oztürk, Biosorption of chromium(VI) ions from aqueous solution by the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis, Process Biochem. 40(2005) 1895-1901.

[29] V.K. Gupta, A. Rastogi, A. Nayak, Adsorption studies on the removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution using a low cost fertilizer industry waste material, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 342(2010) 135-141.

[30] Y. Yun, D. Park, J.M. Park, B. Volesky, Biosorption of trivalent chromium on the brown seaweed biomass biosorption of trivalent chromium on the brown seaweed biomass, Environ. Sci. Technol. 35(2001) 4353-4358.

[31] M. Bansal, D. Singh, V.K. Garg, A comparative study for the removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution by agriculture wastes' carbons, J. Hazard. Mater. 171(2009) 83-92.

[32] A.M. Zaheer, N. Ramzan, S. Naveed, N. Feroze, Ni(Ⅱ) removal by biosorption using Ficus religiosa (Peepal) leaves, J. Chil. Chem. Soc. 1(2010) 81-84.

[33] S.P. Dubey, K. Gopal, Adsorption of chromium(VI) on low cost adsorbents derived from agricultural waste material:a comparative study, J. Hazard. Mater. 145(2007) 465-470.

[34] D. Mohan, S. Rajput, V.K. Singh, P.H. Steele, C.U. Pittman, Modeling and evaluation of chromium remediation from water using low cost bio-char, a green adsorbent, J. Hazard. Mater. 188(2011) 319-333.

[35] S. Saraswat, J.P.N. Rai, Heavy metal adsorption from aqueous solution using Eichhornia crassipes dead biomass, Int. J. Miner. Process. 94(2010) 203-206.

[36] H. Gao, Y. Liu, G. Zeng, W. Xu, T. Li, W. Xia, Characterization of Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solutions by a surplus agricultural waste-rice straw, J. Hazard. Mater. 150(2008) 446-452.

[37] B. Tadesse, E. Teju, N. Megersa, The Teff straw:a novel low-cost adsorbent for quantitative removal of Cr(VI) from contaminated aqueous samples, Desalin. Water Treat. 56(2014) 1-12.

[38] U.K. Garg, M.P. Kaur, V.K. Garg, D. Sud, Removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution by agricultural waste biomass, J. Hazard. Mater. 140(2007) 60-68.

[39] S. Schiewer, S.B. Patil, Modeling the effect of pH on biosorption of heavy metals by citrus peels, J. Hazard. Mater. 157(2008) 8-17.

[40] M. Cobas, M.A. Sanroman, M. Pazos, Box-Behnken methodology for Cr (VI) and leather dyes removal by an eco-friendly biosorbent:F. vesiculosus, Bioresour. Technol. 160(2014) 166-174.

[41] L.S. Oliveira, A.S. Franca, T.M. Alves, S.D.F. Rocha, Evaluation of untreated coffee husks as potential biosorbents for treatment of dye contaminated waters, J. Hazard. Mater. 155(2008) 507-512.

[42] A. Bhatnagar, E. Kumar, A.K. Minocha, B.H. Jeon, H. Song, Y.C. Seo, Removal of anionic dyes from water using Citrus limonum (lemon) peel:equilibrium studies and kinetic modeling, Sep. Sci. Technol. 44(2009) 316-334.

[43] A. Saeed, M. Iqbal, M.W. Akhtar, Removal and recovery of lead(Ⅱ) from single and multimetal (Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn) solutions by crop milling waste (black gram husk), J. Hazard. Mater. 117(2005) 65-73.

[44] L. Agouborde, R. Navia, Heavy metals retention capacity of a non-conventional sorbent developed from a mixture of industrial and agricultural wastes, J. Hazard. Mater. 167(2009) 536-544.

[45] A. Verma, S. Chakraborty, J.K. Basu, Adsorption study of hexavalent chromium using tamarind hull-based adsorbents, Sep. Purif. Technol. 50(2006) 336-341.

[46] P. Venkateswarlu, M.V. Ratnam, D.S. Rao, M.V. Rao, Removal of chromium from an aqueous solution using Azadirachta indica (neem) leaf powder as an adsorbent, Int. J. Phys. Sci. 2(2007) 188-195.

[47] V. Sarin, K.K. Pant, Removal of chromium from industrial waste by using eucalyptus bark, Bioresour. Technol. 97(2006) 15-20.

[48] N. Rani, A. Gupta, A.K. Yadav, Removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions by Acacia nilotica bark, Environ. Technol. 27(2006) 597-602.

[49] S. Rangabhashiyam, N. Selvaraju, Efficacy of unmodified and chemically modified Swietenia mahagoni shells for the removal of hexavalent chromium from simulated wastewater, J. Mol. Liq. 209(2015) 487-497.

[50] A.B. Wassie, V.C. Srivastava, Teff straw characterization and utilization for chromium removal from wastewater:kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamic modelling, J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 4(2016) 1117-1125.

[51] J.B. Dima, C. Sequeiros, N.E. Zaritzky, Hexavalent chromium removal in contaminated water using reticulated chitosan micro/nanoparticles from seafood processing wastes, Chemosphere 141(2015) 100-111.

[52] M.H. Dehghani, D. Sanaei, I. Ali, A. Bhatnagar, Removal of chromium(VI) from aqueous solution using treated waste newspaper as a low-cost adsorbent:kinetic modeling and isotherm studies, J. Mol. Liq. 215(2016) 671-679.

[53] M.H. Kalavathy, L.R. Miranda, Comparison of copper adsorption from aqueous solution using modified and unmodified Hevea brasiliensis saw dust, Desalination 255(2010) 165-174.

[54] S.I. Yang, M.S. Wu, C.Y. Wu, Application of biomass fast pyrolysis part I:pyrolysis characteristics and products, Energy 66(2014) 162-171.

[55] M.M.A. El-Latif, A.M. Ibrahim, Adsorption, kinetic and equilibrium studies on removal of basic dye from aqueous solutions using hydrolyzed Oak sawdust, Desalin. Water Treat. 6(2009) 252-268.

[56] S. Ren, H. Lei, L. Wang, Q. Bu, S. Chen, J. Wu, Thermal behaviour and kinetic study for woody biomass torrefaction and torrefied biomass pyrolysis by TGA, Biosyst. Eng. 116(2013) 420-426.

[57] H. Li, X. Liu, R. Legros, X.T. Bi, C.J. Lim, S. Sokhansanj, Torrefaction of sawdust in a fluidized bed reactor, Bioresour. Technol. 103(2012) 453-458.

[58] V.K. Garg, R. Gupta, R. Kumar, R.K. Gupta, Adsorption of chromium from aqueous solution on treated sawdust, Bioresour. Technol. 92(2004) 79-81.

[59] T. Karthikeyan, S. Rajgopal, L.R. Miranda, Chromium(VI) adsorption from aqueous solution by Hevea brasilinesis sawdust activated carbon, J. Hazard. Mater. 124(2005) 192-199.

[60] R. Gottipati, S. Mishra, Preparation of microporous activated carbon from Aegle marmelos fruit shell by KOH activation, J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 36(2016) 355-363.