Lead removal from aqueous medium using fruit peels and polyaniline composites in aqueous and non-aqueous solvents in the presence of polyethylene glycol

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2020.09.049

摘要/Abstract

摘要： In the present study, composites of Polyaniline and some fruit peels were synthesized in various conditions and used for lead removal from aqueous solutions. Adsorption tests were conducted in batch mode using the most efficient adsorbent, and the effects of medium pH, initial lead concentration, contact time, adsorbent dosage, and adsorption isotherms were investigated. The results showed that all composites were more efficient in lead removal compared to the fruit peels alone. The highest removal percentage was related to the composite of banana peel and Polyaniline that synthesized in the aqueous solution in the presence of 2 g·L^-1 Poly ethylene glycol. This composite showed 95.96% lead adsorption at pH = 6, the contact time of 90 min, the initial lead concentration of 25 mg·L^-1, and an adsorbent concentration of 8 g·L^-1. Adsorption isotherm study showed that adsorption of lead by synthesized composite could be fitted by both Langmuir and Freundlich models, but the Langmuir model was more fitted than Freundlich. Besides, some characteristics of the composites, such as chemical composition (XRD analysis), structure, and morphology (SEM analysis) and functional groups (FTIR analysis), were studied.

关键词: Adsorption, Banana peel, Composites, Pollution, Polyaniline

Abstract: In the present study, composites of Polyaniline and some fruit peels were synthesized in various conditions and used for lead removal from aqueous solutions. Adsorption tests were conducted in batch mode using the most efficient adsorbent, and the effects of medium pH, initial lead concentration, contact time, adsorbent dosage, and adsorption isotherms were investigated. The results showed that all composites were more efficient in lead removal compared to the fruit peels alone. The highest removal percentage was related to the composite of banana peel and Polyaniline that synthesized in the aqueous solution in the presence of 2 g·L^-1 Poly ethylene glycol. This composite showed 95.96% lead adsorption at pH = 6, the contact time of 90 min, the initial lead concentration of 25 mg·L^-1, and an adsorbent concentration of 8 g·L^-1. Adsorption isotherm study showed that adsorption of lead by synthesized composite could be fitted by both Langmuir and Freundlich models, but the Langmuir model was more fitted than Freundlich. Besides, some characteristics of the composites, such as chemical composition (XRD analysis), structure, and morphology (SEM analysis) and functional groups (FTIR analysis), were studied.

Key words: Adsorption, Banana peel, Composites, Pollution, Polyaniline

Iman Farirzadeh, Majid Riahi Samani, Davood Toghraie. Lead removal from aqueous medium using fruit peels and polyaniline composites in aqueous and non-aqueous solvents in the presence of polyethylene glycol[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2022, 44(4): 253-259.

参考文献

[1] M.O. Ansari, R. Kumar, S. A. Ansari, S.P. Ansari, M.A. Barakat, A. Alshahrie, M.H. Cho, Anion selective pTSA doped Polyaniline@graphene oxide-multiwalled carbon nanotube composite for Cr (VI) and Congo red adsorption, Journal of colloid and interface science, 496(1) (2017) 407-415
[2] R. Thirumdas, A. Kothakota, U. Annapure, K. Siliveru, R. Blundell, R. Gatt, V.P. Valdramidis, Plasma activated water (PAW):chemistry, physico-chemical properties, applications in food and agriculture, Trends in Food Science & Technology, 77 (2018) 21-31
[3] M. R. Samani, S. M. Borghei, A. Olad, M.J. Chaich, Removal of chromium from aqueous solution using two kinds of Polyaniline, Journal of Environmental Studies, 36 (55) (2010) 91-98
[4] S. A. Khan, M. Suleman, M. Asad, Assessment of pollution load in marble waste water in Khairabad, District Nowshera, Khyber Pukhtunkhwa, Pakistan. International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology, 8(2) (2017) 35-39
[5] M. Ghaedi, N.A. Mosallanejad, Removal of heavy metal ions from polluted waters by using of low cost adsorbents, Journal of Chemical Health Risks, 3(1) (2013) 7-22
[6] A. Farooghi, M. H. Sayadi, M. R. Rezaei, A. Allahresani, An efficient removal of lead from aqueous solutions using FeNi₃@SiO₂ magnetic nanocomposite, Surfaces and Interfaces, 10 (2018) 58-64
[7] V. Karri, V. Kumar, D. Ramos, E. Oliveira, M. Schuhmacher, Comparative in vitro toxicity evaluation of heavy metals (Lead, Cadmium, Arsenic, and Methylmercury) on HT-22 hippocampal cell line, Biological trace element research, 184(1) (2018) 226-39
[8] J. H. Redmon, J. M. Gibson, K. P. Woodward, A.M. Aceituno, K. E. Levine, Safeguarding children's health time to enact a health-based standard and comprehensive testing, mitigation, and communication protocol for lead in drinking water, North Carolina medical journal 79 (5), (2018) 313-317
[9] R. Sedghi, B. Heidari, S. Kazemi, Novel magnetic ion-imprinted polymer:an efficient polymeric nanocomposite for selective separation and determination of Pb ions in aqueous media, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25(26) (2018) 26297-26306
[10] A. Qayum, J. Wei, Q. Li, D. Chen, X. Jiao, Y. Xia, Efficient decontamination of multi-component wastewater by hydrophilic electrospun PAN/AgBr/Ag fibrous membrane, Chemical Engineering Journal, 361 (2019) 1255-1263
[11] S. You, J. Lu, C. Y. Tang, X. Wang, Rejection of heavy metals in acidic wastewater by a novel thin-film inorganic forward osmosis membrane, Chemical Engineering Journal., 320 (2017) 532-538
[12] J. Acharya, U. Kumar, P.M. Rafi, Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater by chemically modified agricultural waste material as potential adsorbent-A review, International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology, 8(3) (2018) 526-530
[13] N. Dhingra, N.S. Singh, T. Parween, R. Sharma, Heavy metal remediation by natural adsorbents, in modern age waste water problems, Springer, Cham, 2020, pp. 233-250.
[14] X. Chen, R. Xu, Y. Xu, H. Hu, S. Pan, H. Pan, Natural adsorbent based on sawdust for removing impurities in waste lubricants, Journal of hazardous materials, 350 (2018) 38-45
[15] M. Malovanyy, H. Sakalova, T. Vasylinycz, O. Palamarchuk, J. Semchuk, Treatment of effluents from ions of heavy metals as display of environmentally responsible activity of modern businessman, Journal of Ecological Engineering, 20(4) (2019) 167-176
[16] Y. Dai, Q. Sun, W. Wang, L. Lu, M. Liu, J. Li, S. Yang, Y. Sun, K. Zhang, J. Xu, W. Zheng, Utilizations of agricultural waste as adsorbent for the removal of contaminants:A review, Chemosphere, 211 (2018) 235-253
[17] M.R. Yarandpour, A. Rashidi, N. Eslahi, M. E. Yazdanshenas, Mesoporous PAA/dextran-polyaniline core-shell nanofibers:Optimization of producing conditions, characterization and heavy metal adsorptions, Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 93 (2018) 566-581
[18] A.T. Hoang, X.L. Bui, X.D. Pham, A novel investigation of oil and heavy metal adsorption capacity from as-fabricated adsorbent based on agricultural by-product and porous polymer, Energy Sources, Part A:Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 40(8) (2018) 929-39
[19] L. Jing, Y. Xu, M. Xie, J. Liu, J. Deng, L. Huang, H. Xu, H. Li, Three dimensional polyaniline/MgIn₂S₄ nanoflower photocatalysts accelerated interfacial charge transfer for the photoreduction of Cr (VI), photodegradation of organic pollution and photocatalytic H₂ production, Chemical Engineering Journal, 360 (2019) 1601-12
[20] C. H. Khong, G.B. Teh, S.W. Phang, Effect of titanium dioxide and carbon nanotubes on polyaniline nanocomposites for heavy metals removal. In Macromolecular Symposia, 382(1) (2018) 1800087
[21] E.N. Zare, A. Motahari, M. Sillanpää, Nanoadsorbents based on conducting polymer nanocomposites with main focus on Polyaniline and its derivatives for removal of heavy metal ions/dyes:a review, Environmental research, 162 (2018) 173-195
[22] M. R. Samani, Removal of mercury from aqueous solution using polyaniline/poly vinyl alcohol composit. Iranian Water Researches Journal, 9(19) (2016) 41-44
[23] Donescu D., Fierascu R. C., Ghiurea M., Manaila-Maximean D., Nicolae C. A., Somoghi R., Spataru C.I., Stanica N., Raditoiu V., Vasile E., Synthesis and magnetic properties of inverted core-shell polyaniline-ferrite composite. Applied Surface Science. 414 (2017) 8-17
[24] Wang P., Yin L., Wang J., Xu C., Liang Y., Yao W., Wang X., Yu S., Chen J., Sun Y., Wang X. 2017 Superior immobilization of U (VI) and 243Am (III) on polyethyleneimine modified lamellar carbon nitride composite from water environment. Chemical Engineering Journal. 326, 863-874
[25] M. R. Samani, S. M. Borghei, Removal of chromium from aqueous solution using synthesized Polyaniline in acetonitrile, world academy of science engineering and technology, 68 (2012) 1282-1285
[26] D. Zhu, K. Cheng, Y. Wang, D. Sun, L. Gan, T. Chen, J. Jiang, M. Liu, Nitrogen-doped porous carbons with nanofiber-like structure derived from poly (aniline-co-p-phenylenediamine) for supercapacitors, Electrochimica Acta, 224 (2017) 17-24
[27] J. S. Shayeh, A. Ehsani, A. Naeemy, H.M. Shiri, F. Fatemi, A. Yadegari, M. Omidi, Electrosynthesis and characterization of poly aniline/garnet nanoparticles for high-performance electrochemical capacitors, Ionics, 24(2) (2018) 505-511
[28] D. Shao, C. Chen, X. Wang, Application of polyaniline and multiwalled carbon nanotube magnetic composites for removal of Pb (II), Chemical Engineering Journal,185 (2012) 144-150
[29] Y. Jiang, Z. Liu, G. Zeng, Y. Liu, B. Shao, Z. Li, Y. Liu, W. Zhang, O. He, Polyaniline-based adsorbents for removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution:a mini review, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25 (2018) 6158-6174
[30] R. Karthik, S. Meenakshi, Removal of Pb (II) and Cd (II) ions from aqueous solution using Polyaniline grafted chitosan, Chemical Engineering Journal, 263 (2015) 168-77
[31] K. Hall, R. Eagleton, L. Acrivos, A. Vermeulen, Pore and solid diffiusion kinetics for fixed-bed adsorption under Constant- Pattern Condition, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry fundamental, 5(2) (1996) 212-223
[32] B. Rinkumoni, D. Kumari, A. Gogoi, S. Biswas, R. Goswami, J. Shim, N. A. Begum, M. Kumar, Efficacy and field applicability of Burmese grape leaf extract (BGLE) for cadmium removal:An implication of metal removal from natural water, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 147 (2018) 585-593
[33] X. Jiao, Y. Zhang, Y. Gutha, W. Zhang, Antibacterial property and biocompatibility of Chitosan/Poly(vinyl alcohol)/ZnO (CS/PVA/ZnO) beads as an efficient adsorbent for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution, Colloids and Surfaces B:Biointerfaces, 156 (2017) 340-348
[34] S.H. Siddiqui, R. Ahmad Pistachio Shell Carbon (PSC)-An agricultural adsorbent for the removal of Pb (II) from aqueous solution. Groundwater for Sustainable Development. 4, (2017) 42-48