Construction of direct-Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst of g-C3N4/Ti3C2/TiO2 composite and its degradation behavior for dyes of Rhodamine B

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2024.04.017

Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering ›› 2024, Vol. 73 ›› Issue (9): 222-234.DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2024.04.017

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Construction of direct-Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst of g-C₃N₄/Ti₃C₂/TiO₂ composite and its degradation behavior for dyes of Rhodamine B

Hanlin Qian¹, Jianping Zou³, Hongxia Liu¹, Aishun Ma¹, Shitong Xu², Ting Li², Sili Ren^1,2

1. Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining & Metallurgy Environmental Pollution Control, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341099, China;
2. Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Processing and Utilization of Strategic Metal Mineral Resources, Ganzhou 341099, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China

Received:2024-01-12 Revised:2024-04-03 Accepted:2024-04-07 Online:2024-05-22 Published:2024-11-21
Contact: Sili Ren,E-mail:sili_ren@163.com
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22078138) and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (20202ACBL203009).

Construction of direct-Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst of g-C₃N₄/Ti₃C₂/TiO₂ composite and its degradation behavior for dyes of Rhodamine B

Hanlin Qian¹, Jianping Zou³, Hongxia Liu¹, Aishun Ma¹, Shitong Xu², Ting Li², Sili Ren^1,2

1. Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining & Metallurgy Environmental Pollution Control, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341099, China;
2. Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Processing and Utilization of Strategic Metal Mineral Resources, Ganzhou 341099, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China

通讯作者: Sili Ren,E-mail:sili_ren@163.com
基金资助:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22078138) and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (20202ACBL203009).

Abstract

Abstract: Direct-Z-scheme g-C₃N₄/Ti₃C₂/TiO₂ photocatalyst with giant internal electric field was prepared by one-step aqueous sonication self-assembly method using g-C₃N₄ and MXene of Ti₃C₂ as the source materials. The chemical composition and structure of the catalysts was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM, TEM, and XPS. The XPS characterization indicated that Ti₃C₂ was partially oxidized to TiO₂ during the composite process. As a result, an efficient direct-Z-scheme heterojunction structure consisting of the g-C₃N₄ and TiO₂ with Ti₃C₂ as an electron bridge was constructed. The photocatalytic performance of the prepared catalysts was evaluated by degrading the Rhodamine B (RhB) wastewater. Compared with the single g-C₃N₄, the g-C₃N₄/Ti₃C₂/TiO₂ composite photocatalyst exhibited efficient and stable photocatalytic degradation ability, with a degradation efficiency as high as 99.2% for RhB under optimal conditions (2% Ti₃C₂, pH = 3). The high degradation performance of g-C₃N₄/Ti₃C₂/TiO₂ for RhB was attributed to the combination of Ti₃C₂, TiO₂, and g-C₃N₄ components, forming a direct-Z-scheme heterojunction with a high-speed electron transport channel structure. The role of Z-scheme heterojunctions in electron transport is verified by photoelectrochemical characterization, along with photoluminescence (PL). Our research provides a simple method to design photocatalysts by constructing direct-Z-scheme electron transport channels for highly efficient treatment of dye wastewater.

Key words: Photocatalyst, Direct-Z-scheme heterojunction, RhB dye wastewater, g-C₃N₄, MXene Ti₃C₂

摘要： Direct-Z-scheme g-C₃N₄/Ti₃C₂/TiO₂ photocatalyst with giant internal electric field was prepared by one-step aqueous sonication self-assembly method using g-C₃N₄ and MXene of Ti₃C₂ as the source materials. The chemical composition and structure of the catalysts was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM, TEM, and XPS. The XPS characterization indicated that Ti₃C₂ was partially oxidized to TiO₂ during the composite process. As a result, an efficient direct-Z-scheme heterojunction structure consisting of the g-C₃N₄ and TiO₂ with Ti₃C₂ as an electron bridge was constructed. The photocatalytic performance of the prepared catalysts was evaluated by degrading the Rhodamine B (RhB) wastewater. Compared with the single g-C₃N₄, the g-C₃N₄/Ti₃C₂/TiO₂ composite photocatalyst exhibited efficient and stable photocatalytic degradation ability, with a degradation efficiency as high as 99.2% for RhB under optimal conditions (2% Ti₃C₂, pH = 3). The high degradation performance of g-C₃N₄/Ti₃C₂/TiO₂ for RhB was attributed to the combination of Ti₃C₂, TiO₂, and g-C₃N₄ components, forming a direct-Z-scheme heterojunction with a high-speed electron transport channel structure. The role of Z-scheme heterojunctions in electron transport is verified by photoelectrochemical characterization, along with photoluminescence (PL). Our research provides a simple method to design photocatalysts by constructing direct-Z-scheme electron transport channels for highly efficient treatment of dye wastewater.

关键词: Photocatalyst, Direct-Z-scheme heterojunction, RhB dye wastewater, g-C₃N₄, MXene Ti₃C₂

Hanlin Qian, Jianping Zou, Hongxia Liu, Aishun Ma, Shitong Xu, Ting Li, Sili Ren. Construction of direct-Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst of g-C₃N₄/Ti₃C₂/TiO₂ composite and its degradation behavior for dyes of Rhodamine B[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2024, 73(9): 222-234.

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Construction of direct-Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst of g-C₃N₄/Ti₃C₂/TiO₂ composite and its degradation behavior for dyes of Rhodamine B

Construction of direct-Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst of g-C₃N₄/Ti₃C₂/TiO₂ composite and its degradation behavior for dyes of Rhodamine B

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