Hydrodynamic analysis of carbon nanotube clusters in distributor-less conical fluidized beds with step-by-step scaling

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2023.12.001

中国化学工程学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (3): 117-125.DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2023.12.001

Hydrodynamic analysis of carbon nanotube clusters in distributor-less conical fluidized beds with step-by-step scaling

Tianle Zhang¹, Wenjuan Bai¹, Qianpeng Dong¹, Dianming Chu¹, Lianlian Wang², Yan He¹

1 Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Preparation and Application of High-performance Carbon-Materials, College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China;
2 Shandong Dazhan Nano Materials Co., Ltd., Binzhou 256220, China

收稿日期:2023-07-07 修回日期:2023-11-27 出版日期:2024-03-28 发布日期:2024-06-01
通讯作者: Wenjuan Bai,E-mail address:bwj@qust.edu.cn;Yan He,E-mail address:heyan@qust.edu.cn.
基金资助:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52336003, 52206096, 52176076) and the Special Expert Project of Shandong Province Taishan Scholars Program (ts20190937).

Hydrodynamic analysis of carbon nanotube clusters in distributor-less conical fluidized beds with step-by-step scaling

Tianle Zhang¹, Wenjuan Bai¹, Qianpeng Dong¹, Dianming Chu¹, Lianlian Wang², Yan He¹

1 Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Preparation and Application of High-performance Carbon-Materials, College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China;
2 Shandong Dazhan Nano Materials Co., Ltd., Binzhou 256220, China

Received:2023-07-07 Revised:2023-11-27 Online:2024-03-28 Published:2024-06-01
Contact: Wenjuan Bai,E-mail address:bwj@qust.edu.cn;Yan He,E-mail address:heyan@qust.edu.cn.
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52336003, 52206096, 52176076) and the Special Expert Project of Shandong Province Taishan Scholars Program (ts20190937).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： As a high-performance material with great application potential, the application of carbon nanotubes has been limited by their production volume. A distributor-less conical fluidized bed is the main equipment used in the industrial production of carbon nanotubes. To improve the production volume and product quality of carbon nanotubes, the study of fluidized-bed-diameter scaling is important. Three different diameters of distributor-less conical fluidized beds were established, and then the particle behavior and bubble characteristics of carbon nanotube clusters at these bed diameters were investigated. Time-series and wavelet analysis methods were used to analyze the pressure-fluctuation signals inside the fluidized beds. Results showed that the distributor-less design caused the airflow to break through the middle of the bed, which did not change with the change in bed diameter. The powder-bridging phenomenon of carbon nanotube clusters in a 100-mm-diameter fluidized bed was related to the special microstructure of carbon nanotube clusters. The frequency of pressure fluctuations in the bed decreased nonlinearly with increasing bed diameter. This study can guide the design and scale-up of distributor-less conical fluidized beds, especially for the scale-up of carbon nanotube production equipment, which can contribute to the improvement of carbon nanotubes’ capacity and quality in industrial production.

关键词: Carbon nanotubes, Fluidized bed, Multiphase flow, Scale-up, Multiscale

Abstract: As a high-performance material with great application potential, the application of carbon nanotubes has been limited by their production volume. A distributor-less conical fluidized bed is the main equipment used in the industrial production of carbon nanotubes. To improve the production volume and product quality of carbon nanotubes, the study of fluidized-bed-diameter scaling is important. Three different diameters of distributor-less conical fluidized beds were established, and then the particle behavior and bubble characteristics of carbon nanotube clusters at these bed diameters were investigated. Time-series and wavelet analysis methods were used to analyze the pressure-fluctuation signals inside the fluidized beds. Results showed that the distributor-less design caused the airflow to break through the middle of the bed, which did not change with the change in bed diameter. The powder-bridging phenomenon of carbon nanotube clusters in a 100-mm-diameter fluidized bed was related to the special microstructure of carbon nanotube clusters. The frequency of pressure fluctuations in the bed decreased nonlinearly with increasing bed diameter. This study can guide the design and scale-up of distributor-less conical fluidized beds, especially for the scale-up of carbon nanotube production equipment, which can contribute to the improvement of carbon nanotubes’ capacity and quality in industrial production.

Key words: Carbon nanotubes, Fluidized bed, Multiphase flow, Scale-up, Multiscale

Tianle Zhang, Wenjuan Bai, Qianpeng Dong, Dianming Chu, Lianlian Wang, Yan He. Hydrodynamic analysis of carbon nanotube clusters in distributor-less conical fluidized beds with step-by-step scaling[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2024, 67(3): 117-125.

参考文献

[1] L.S. Fan, Summary paper on fluidization and transport phenomena, Powder Technol. 88(3)(1996)245-253.
[2] F.J. Van Antwerpen, The origins of chemical engineering, in:W.F. Furter (Ed.), History of Chemical Engineering Washington (1980).
[3] B. Suleimenova, B. Aimbetov, D. Shah, E.J. Anthony, Y. Sarbassov, Attrition of high ash Ekibastuz coal in a bench scale fluidized bed rig under O₂/N₂ and O₂/CO₂ environments, Fuel Process. Technol. 216(2021)106775.
[4] Z.M. Yuan, Z. Huang, S.X. Ma, G.J. Zhao, H.R. Yang, G.X. Yue, Experimental investigation on the effect of superficial gas velocity on bubble dynamics properties of B particles in gasesolid fluidized bed reactor using digital image analysis technique, Fuel 348(2023)128617.
[5] S. Manzoor, J. Tatum, O.B. Wani, E.R. Bobicki, Comminution of carbon particles in a fluidized bed reactor:A review, Miner. Eng. 195(2023)108026.
[6] M. Seemann, Methanation of Biosyngas in a Fluidized Bed ReactoreDevelopment of a One-step Synthesis Process, Featuring Simultaneous Methanation, Watergas Shift and Low Temperature Tar Reforming, PhD Thesis, ETH Zurich, 2006.
[7] J. Kopyscinski, T.J. Schildhauer, S.M.A. Biollaz, Production of synthetic natural gas (SNG) from coal and dry biomassdA technology review from 1950 to 2009, Fuel 89(8)(2010)1763-1783.
[8] J. Kopyscinski, T.J. Schildhauer, S.M.A. Biollaz, Employing catalyst fluidization to enable carbon management in the synthetic natural gas production from biomass, Chem. Eng. Technol. 32(3)(2009)343-347.
[9] T.L. Zhang, W.J. Bai, Q.P. Dong, D.M. Chu, Y.R. Yu, C. Yan, Y. Li, Y. He, Hydrodynamic analysis of carbon nanotube in pilot-scale distributor-less tapered fluidized bed, Powder Technol. 409(2022)117846.
[10] A. Baydin, F. Tay, J.C. Fan, M. Manjappa, W.L. Gao, J. Kono, Carbon nanotube devices for quantum technology, Materials 15(4)(2022)1535.
[11] K. Godlewska, M. Paszkiewicz, Reusable passive sampler with carbon nanotubes for monitoring contaminants in wastewater:Application, regeneration and reuse, Chemosphere 332(2023)138855.
[12] Y. Wang, W.Z. Yao, H.B. Huang, J. Huang, L. Li, X.H. Yu, Polypyrrole-derived carbon nanotubes for potential application in electrochemical detection of dopamine, Solid State Sci. 134(2022)107038.
[13] I.A. Khan, A. Rai, J.P. Keshari, M. Nizamuddin, S. Nayak, D. Sharma, Design, simulation and comparative analysis of carbon nanotube based energy efficient priority encoders for nanoelectronic applications, E Prime Adv. Electr. Eng. Electron. Energy 4(2023)100138.
[14] Z.W. Chen, J.G. Zhao, J.F. Cao, Y.Y. Zhao, J.Q. Huang, Z.S. Zheng, W.J. Li, S. Jiang, J. Qiao, B.Y. Xing, J. Zhang, Opportunities for graphene, single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotube applications in agriculture:A review, Crop Des 1(1)(2022)100006.
[15] B. Tynan, Y. Zhou, S.A. Brown, L.M. Dai, A.N. Rider, C.H. Wang, Structural supercapacitor electrodes for energy storage by electroless deposition of MnO₂ on carbon nanotube mats, Compos. Sci. Technol. 238(2023)110016.
[16] F.Wei, Q. Zhang,W.Z. Qian, H. Yu, Y.Wang, G.H. Luo, G.H. Xu, D.Z. Wang, The mass production of carbon nanotubes using a nano-agglomerate fluidized bed reactor:A multiscale spaceetime analysis, Powder Technol. 183(1)(2008)10-20.
[17] W.J. Bai, D.M. Chu, Y. He, Fluidization dynamic characteristics of carbon nanotube particles in a tapered fluidized bed, Chin. J. Chem. Eng. 44(2022)321-331.
[18] W.J. Bai, D.M. Chu, F. Wang, Y. He, Research on fluidization performance of different tapered fluidized bed reactors for fluidizing carbon nanotubes, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 59(25)(2020)11893-11904.
[19] J.W. Chew, W.C.Q. LaMarche, R.A. Cocco, 100 years of scaling up fluidized bed and circulating fluidized bed reactors, Powder Technol. 409(2022)117813.
[20] K. Dasgupta, J.B. Joshi, H. Singh, S. Banerjee, Fluidized bed synthesis of carbon nanotubes:Reaction mechanism, rate controlling step and overall rate of reaction, AIChE J. 60(8)(2014)2882-2892.
[21] S. Fang, Y.D. Wei, L. Fu, G. Tian, H.B. Qu, Time-series analysis of the characteristic pressure fluctuations in a conical fluidized bed with negative pressure, Chin. J. Chem. Eng. 32(2021)87-99.
[22] C. Sheng, C.L. Duan, Y.M. Zhao, L. Dong, Z.F. Luo, Analysis and evaluation on pressure fluctuations in air dense medium fluidized bed, Int. J. Min. Sci. Technol. 28(3)(2018)461-467.
[23] J.R. van Ommen, R.J. de Korte, C.M. van den Bleek, Rapid detection of defluidization using the standard deviation of pressure fluctuations, Chem. Eng. Process 43(10)(2004)1329-1335.
[24] C. Sobrino, S. Sanchez-Delgado, N. García-Hernando, M. de Vega, Standard deviation of absolute and differential pressure fluctuations in fluidized beds of group B particles, Chem. Eng. Res. Des. 86(11)(2008)1236-1242.
[25] S.M. Okhovat-Alavian, J. Behin, N. Mostoufi, Investigating the flow structures in semi-cylindrical bubbling fluidized bed using pressure fluctuation signals, Adv. Powder Technol. 30(6)(2019)1247-1256.
[26] Z.Z. Ma, H.F. Ma, W.X. Qian, H.T. Zhang, Q.W. Sun, W.Y. Ying, Bubble behaviors in a dense gasesolids fluidized bed:Analysis of pressure fluctuation, Chem. Eng. Technol. 45(9)(2022)1675-1682.
[27] F. Johnsson, R.C. Zijerveld, J.C. Schouten, C.M. van den Bleek, B. Leckner, Characterization of fluidization regimes by time-series analysis of pressure fluctuations, Int. J. Multiphas. Flow 26(4)(2000)663-715.
[28] Y.D. Zhang, Y.M. Zhao, L. Dong, C.L. Duan, E.H. Zhou, J.Y. Lu, B. Zhang, X.L. Yang, Flow pattern transition characteristics in vibrated gasesolid fluidized bed of Geldart B magnetite powder using pressure drop signals analysis, Powder Technol. 327(2018)358-367.
[29] Y.D. Zhang, X.Y. Zhang,Y.M.Zhao, G.N. Lv, X.L.Yang, Z.M.Wang, C.L.Duan, L.Dong, Bubble growth obtained from pressure fluctuation in vibration separation fluidized bed using wavelet analysis,Adv. Powder Technol. 31(8)(2020)3287-3296.
[30] M. Bassenne, P. Moin, J. Urzay, Wavelet multiresolution analysis of particleladen turbulence, Phys. Rev. Fluids 3(8)(2018)084304.
[31] B. Li, X.F. Chen, Wavelet-based numerical analysis:A review and classification, Finite Elem. Anal. Des. 81(2014)14-31.
[32] G.P. Wu, Y. He, L.A. Luo, W. Chen, Dynamic characterizations of gasesolid flow in a novel multistage fluidized bed via nonlinear analyses, Chem. Eng. J. 359(2019)1013-1023.
[33] S.G. Mallat, A theory for multiresolution signal decomposition:The wavelet representation, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 11(7)(1989)674-693.
[34] W.J. Bai, D.M. Chu, Y. He, The minimum fluidization velocity and dynamic characteristics of agglomerated carbon nanotube in a tapered fluidized bed at elevated temperature, Chem. Eng. Res. Des. 168(2021)239-253.
[35] G.P. Wu, Y. He, L.A. Luo, W. Chen, Dynamic characterizations of gasesolid flow in a novel multistage fluidized bed via nonlinear analyses, Chem. Eng. J. 359(2019)1013-1023.
[36] H.J. Sun, C.B. Hu, Y.H. Xu, Pressure fluctuations analysis on the powder fluidization performance at different pressure, Int. J. Multiphas. Flow 116(2019)176-184.
[37] C. Sheng, C.L. Duan, Y.M. Zhao, L.A. Dong, Z.F. Luo, Analysis and evaluation on pressure fluctuations in air dense medium fluidized bed, Int. J. Min. Sci. Technol. 28(3)(2018)461-467.

Hydrodynamic analysis of carbon nanotube clusters in distributor-less conical fluidized beds with step-by-step scaling

Hydrodynamic analysis of carbon nanotube clusters in distributor-less conical fluidized beds with step-by-step scaling

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	Zhihao Guo, Jiuxuan Zhang, Lanlan Chen, Chaoqun Fan, Hong Jiang, Rizhi Chen. Hollow ZIF-67-derived Co@N-doped carbon nanotubes boosting the hydrogenation of phenolic compounds to alcohols[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2024, 66(2): 157-166.
[2]	Qiyao Yang, Xiaobin Qi, Qinggang Lyu, Zhiping Zhu. Experimental study on the activation of coal gasification fly ash from industrial CFB gasifiers[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2024, 65(1): 8-18.
[3]	Wenbin Li, Feng Wu, Liuyun Xu, Jipeng Sun, Xiaoxun Ma. Numerical and experimental study on the particle erosion and gas–particle hydrodynamics in an integral multi-jet swirling spout-fluidized bed[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 61(9): 90-101.
[4]	Yingli Li, Zhishuncheng Li, Guangfei Qu, Rui Li, Shuaiyu Liang, Junhong Zhou, Wei Ji, Huiming Tang. Mechanism, behaviour and application of iron nitrate modified carbon nanotube composites for the adsorption of arsenic in aqueous solutions[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 60(8): 26-36.
[5]	Feng Pan, Sugang Ma, Yu Ge, Chuanlin Fan, Qingshan Zhu. Fluidization thermal decomposition of sodium fluosilicate[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 57(5): 329-337.
[6]	Aneela Sabir, Wail Falath, Muhammad Shafiq, Nafisa Gull, Maria Wasim, Karl I. Jacob. Effective desalination and anti-biofouling performance via surface immobilized MWCNTs on RO membrane[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 56(4): 33-45.
[7]	Feng Jiang, Xiao Li, Guopeng Qi, Xiulun Li. Effects of particle type on the particle fluidization and distribution in a liquid–solid circulating fluidized bed boiler[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 54(2): 53-66.
[8]	Ruiyu Li, Xiaole Huang, Yuhao Wu, Lingxiao Dong, Srdjan Belošević, Aleksandar Milićević, Ivan Tomanović, Lei Deng, Defu Che. Comparative analysis on gas–solid drag models in MFIX-DEM simulations of bubbling fluidized bed[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 64(12): 64-75.
[9]	Yanhe Han, Han Xu, Lei Zhang, Xuejiao Ma, Yang Man, Zhimin Su, Jing Wang. An internal circulation iron–carbon micro-electrolysis reactor for aniline wastewater treatment: Parameter optimization, degradation pathways and mechanism[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 63(11): 96-107.
[10]	Xiaoqiang Fan, Jingyuan Sun, Jingdai Wang, Zhengliang Huang, Zuwei Liao, Guodong Han, Yongrong Yang. Scale-up and thermal stability analysis of fluidized bed reactors for ethylene polymerization[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 62(10): 281-290.
[11]	Zhibin Ma, Xueli Zhang, Guangjun Lu, Yanxia Guo, Huiping Song, Fangqin Cheng. Hydrothermal synthesis of zeolitic material from circulating fluidized bed combustion fly ash for the highly efficient removal of lead from aqueous solution[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2022, 47(7): 193-205.
[12]	Nouman Ahmad, Jianqiang Deng, Muhammad Adnan. Numerical investigation for the suitable choice of bubble diameter correlation for EMMS/bubbling drag model[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2022, 47(7): 254-270.
[13]	Feng Jiang, Di Xu, Ruijia Li, Guopeng Qi, Xiulun Li. Particle collision behavior and heat transfer performance in a Na₂SO₄ circulating fluidized bed evaporator[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2022, 46(6): 40-52.
[14]	Shidong Xue, Jingkun Han, Xi Xi, Junyi Zhao, Zhong Lan, Rongfu Wen, Xuehu Ma. Rapid velocity reduction and drift potential assessment of off-nozzle pesticide droplets[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2022, 46(6): 243-254.
[15]	Wenjuan Bai, Dianming Chu, Kuanxin Tang, Lei Geng, Yan Li, Yan He. The motion mechanism and characteristic of bubble in a pseudo-2D tapered fluidized bed[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2022, 46(6): 255-270.