Mechanical behavior analysis of high power commercial lithium-ion batteries

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2022.10.017

中国化学工程学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (6): 315-322.DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2022.10.017

• Full Length Article • 上一篇下一篇

Mechanical behavior analysis of high power commercial lithium-ion batteries

Ruicheng Shen¹, Shaojun Niu^1,2, Guobin Zhu¹, Kai Wu², Honghe Zheng¹

1. College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China;
2. Contemporary Amperex Technology Limited, Ningde 352100, China

收稿日期:2022-07-07 修回日期:2022-10-24 出版日期:2023-06-28 发布日期:2023-08-31
通讯作者: Guobin Zhu,E-mail:gbzhu@suda.edu.cn;Honghe Zheng,E-mail:hhzheng@suda.edu.cn
基金资助:
This work is financially supported by the National Key Research & Development Program of China (2016YFB0100400) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21875154 and 22179090).

Mechanical behavior analysis of high power commercial lithium-ion batteries

Ruicheng Shen¹, Shaojun Niu^1,2, Guobin Zhu¹, Kai Wu², Honghe Zheng¹

1. College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China;
2. Contemporary Amperex Technology Limited, Ningde 352100, China

Received:2022-07-07 Revised:2022-10-24 Online:2023-06-28 Published:2023-08-31
Contact: Guobin Zhu,E-mail:gbzhu@suda.edu.cn;Honghe Zheng,E-mail:hhzheng@suda.edu.cn
Supported by:
This work is financially supported by the National Key Research & Development Program of China (2016YFB0100400) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21875154 and 22179090).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： In application, lithium-ion cells undergo expansion during cycling. The mechanical behavior and the impact of external stress on lithium-ion battery are important in vehicle application. In this work, 18 Ah high power commercial cell with LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂/graphite electrode were adopted. A commercial compress machine was applied to monitor the mechanical characteristics under different stage of charge (SOC), lifetime and initial external force. The dynamic and steady force was obtained and the results show that the dynamic force increases as the SOC increasing, obviously. During the lifetime with high power driving mode, different external force is shown to have a great impact on the long-term cell performance, with higher stresses result in higher capacity decay rates and faster impedance increases. A proper initial external force (900 N) provides lower impedance increasing. Postmortem analysis of the cells with 2000 N initial force suggests a close correlation between electrochemistry and mechanics in which higher initial force leads to higher direct current internal resistance (DCIR) increase rate. In addition, for the cell with higher external force, deformation of the cathode and thicker solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film on the surface of anode and separator are observed. Porosity reduction and closure was also verified after cycles which is an obstacle to the lithium ion transferring. The largest cause of the observed capacity decline was the loss of active lithium through autopsy analysis. In addition, for the cell with higher external force, deformation of the cathode and thicker SEI film on the surface of anode and separator are observed. Porosity reduction and closure was also verified after cycles which is an obstacle to the lithium ion transferring. The largest cause of the observed capacity decline was the loss of active lithium through autopsy analysis.

关键词: Lithium-ion batteries, External mechanical pressure, Capacity fade, Static pressure, Dynamic pressure

Abstract: In application, lithium-ion cells undergo expansion during cycling. The mechanical behavior and the impact of external stress on lithium-ion battery are important in vehicle application. In this work, 18 Ah high power commercial cell with LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂/graphite electrode were adopted. A commercial compress machine was applied to monitor the mechanical characteristics under different stage of charge (SOC), lifetime and initial external force. The dynamic and steady force was obtained and the results show that the dynamic force increases as the SOC increasing, obviously. During the lifetime with high power driving mode, different external force is shown to have a great impact on the long-term cell performance, with higher stresses result in higher capacity decay rates and faster impedance increases. A proper initial external force (900 N) provides lower impedance increasing. Postmortem analysis of the cells with 2000 N initial force suggests a close correlation between electrochemistry and mechanics in which higher initial force leads to higher direct current internal resistance (DCIR) increase rate. In addition, for the cell with higher external force, deformation of the cathode and thicker solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film on the surface of anode and separator are observed. Porosity reduction and closure was also verified after cycles which is an obstacle to the lithium ion transferring. The largest cause of the observed capacity decline was the loss of active lithium through autopsy analysis. In addition, for the cell with higher external force, deformation of the cathode and thicker SEI film on the surface of anode and separator are observed. Porosity reduction and closure was also verified after cycles which is an obstacle to the lithium ion transferring. The largest cause of the observed capacity decline was the loss of active lithium through autopsy analysis.

Key words: Lithium-ion batteries, External mechanical pressure, Capacity fade, Static pressure, Dynamic pressure

Ruicheng Shen, Shaojun Niu, Guobin Zhu, Kai Wu, Honghe Zheng. Mechanical behavior analysis of high power commercial lithium-ion batteries[J]. 中国化学工程学报, 2023, 58(6): 315-322.

Ruicheng Shen, Shaojun Niu, Guobin Zhu, Kai Wu, Honghe Zheng. Mechanical behavior analysis of high power commercial lithium-ion batteries[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2023, 58(6): 315-322.

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Mechanical behavior analysis of high power commercial lithium-ion batteries

Mechanical behavior analysis of high power commercial lithium-ion batteries

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